Aptos (APT) is a scalable Layer 1 blockchain using Move language, offering fast transactions, modular upgrades, and a growing ecosystem of Web3 projects.

Aptos has emerged as a standout in the blockchain space, raising 

 from such venture capitalists as Andreessen Horowitz (a16z), Coinbase Ventures, Apollo, Circle Ventures and Franklin Templeton to build its dream project promising a flexible and upgradeable blockchain structure. It lived up to its promises, with a successful mainnet launch on Oct 12, 2022. 

Two years later, Aptos has surpassed $1 billion in 

 (TVL), an impressive feat showcasing its ability to achieve real-world adoption as it attracts millions of users worldwide.

, giving users improved scalability, reliability, security and usability.

The Aptos genesis occurred on October 12, 2022, with Aptos blockchain's mainnet "Aptos Autumn" launched on October 17, 2022. Aptos is a Layer 1 blockchain built with a Rust-based programming language called Move. Its key features include a parallel execution engine, high-level security features and low transaction costs.

The Aptos blockchain is generating all this hype because of its intriguing past. The blockchain is based on the Diem blockchain initiative (from Meta) that was recently abandoned. Created by Diem developers, the Aptos crypto uses the programming language originally created for Diem. Its focus is on Diem's original goal of creating a scalable, fast blockchain. 

Aptos’s flexible architecture means it can be constantly upgraded to support emerging new use cases as the 

 world becomes increasingly sophisticated. Currently, Aptos is capable of supporting 

 (AI) on its blockchain. Its myriad use cases have drawn over 8 million users worldwide.

The Aptos network was created by Aptos Labs, while the Aptos Foundation focuses on nurturing the ecosystem through grants, education initiatives, events and partnerships.

Aptos Labs is the team behind the Aptos project. They currently lead a diverse team of developers, engineers and strategists headed by co-founders Mo Shaikh and Avery Ching.

Shaikh and Ching met when they worked together on the Diem blockchain project at Meta. Shaikh specializes in scaling products, and has experience in the private equity and venture capital markets. Meanwhile, Ching was one of the principal software engineers at Meta and has led many exciting and innovative development projects in the past. When Meta chose to discontinue the Diem project, Shaikh and Ching decided to join together to create Aptos Labs.

. Besides the Aptos blockchain, Aptos Labs has a range of products that cater to bridging the gap between Web 2.0 and web3. These include 

, a user-friendly web3 wallet that offers seamless access to 

, a name service that allows users to convert their lengthy and complex 

, a dedicated Aptos AI chatbot developed with OpenAI technology.

, whereby token holders stake tokens to their selected validators to help maintain the network. Aptos can theoretically reach 160,000 

 (TPS) while maintaining security and reliability. The following revolutionary concepts are at work behind Aptos's impressive performance.

 creates an engine that efficiently handles 

. The Aptos blockchain engine relies on parallel execution to handle multiple transactions at once. This makes things a lot quicker because a single failed transaction won't halt the whole chain. Instead, transactions can be processed concurrently, and all of them are validated post-execution. To further improve efficiency, a collaborative scheduler works to prioritize certain transactions on the Aptos blockchain and handle essential validations efficiently. Ultimately, up to 160,000 transactions per second (TPS) may be processed simultaneously.

One of the things that makes Aptos’s network so appealing is 

 for swift, secure transactions that was first designed for the Diem blockchain. Move is a type of executable bytecode language that’s used to 

implement smart contracts and custom transactions

. It uses Move modules, which are grouped in upgradeable packages, to define the state of transactions. 

It’s flexible enough to handle the unique needs of Aptos developers, and its global storage is more secure than the average programming language. Move lets users define custom resources that can’t be copied or discarded, making it much more difficult for malicious entities to control the Aptos blockchain. 

Aptos has also made multiple improvements to the Move ecosystem to further enhance its security, such as the 

, a formal verifier for Move smart contracts which boosts protection for contract invariants.

Aptos employs a modular data model, in which a ledger state records the interaction of transactions and accounts. Accounts are representations of users’ control over their assets, from on-chain currency to NFTs, and must be created before they can execute transactions. Transactions submitted by any user modify the ledger state and trigger events coded via Move modules. These events, uniquely identified by keys, are then stored as data within the ledger. This design also ensures flexibility and user privacy, as it supports flexible key management and hybrid custodial options, and allows users to create multiple pseudonymous accounts via cryptographic key pairs.

Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) Consensus Protocol

Instead of using a consensus protocol that has to follow the order of transactions, Aptos decouples the two processes and lets them run parallel to each other. This reduces latency (the time it takes to confirm network transactions) while increasing speed. To ensure accuracy, Aptos has created a Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) engine that analyzes individual states on-chain and then automatically updates validators as needed.

The Aptos ecosystem is robust, with over 190 projects in the realms of DeFi, GameFi, NFTs, social media, education, AI, infrastructure and more.

. Once an APT holder stakes their APT tokens to a validator node, they’re eligible to vote for various protocol changes, such as blockchain upgrades and changes to blockchain parameters. There was 

 of 1 billion APT tokens, distributed as follows:

 isn’t merely used for governance, as APT token holders can also stake their tokens to a validator to help secure the network while earning rewards, which can be received at 

There’s a minimum stake of 1 million APT and a maximum of 50 million APT, with the staked tokens automatically locked for a fixed duration. The maximum annual reward rate, evaluated at every epoch, began at 7% in 2022, with an annual decline rate of 1.5% (until it eventually reaches 3.25%, which Aptos estimates will take over 50 years). 

To further facilitate decentralization, Aptos also started offering delegated staking for users from April 2023. Delegated staking features a low minimum staking requirement whereby users with as little as 11 APT can collectively stake in a trusted validator node. This move encourages more active participation, allowing more users to stake and earn rewards while helping to sustain a stable and efficient network. 

Staking rewards raise the total supply, making APT an 

 token. However, the rewards mechanism may be modified via on-chain governance.

Aptos is available on Bybit’s Spot market as a swap pair with USDT (

As of Nov 19, 2024, APT’S price is $11.68, which is 41.4% lower than its ATH of $19.92 on Jan 26, 2023 and 279.2% higher than its ATL of $3.08 on Dec 29, 2022. 

Price prediction experts generally have a positive outlook on the APT token. Changelly, while 

 a slight dip to $9.85 in 2025, anticipates APT will exceed $100 by 2030 and hit an astonishing average of $4,727 in 2040. CoinCodex is more conservative in its predictions, 

 APT will trade at an average rate of $31.22 in 2025 and $37.05 in 2030. 

There are several factors working together to make Aptos crypto seem like a great opportunity. First of all, the venture is a continuation of a Meta-founded project that was already getting positive results before it was canceled. Furthermore, the developers working on it are experienced, highly-trained people who've worked on exciting projects in the past.

Aptos’s innovative technology has captured the interest of many venture capitalists, making it one of the top-funded blockchain projects at a total of $350 million (split into two rounds). 

Aptos accepted its first big set of investments in March 2022. Several large venture capital groups, including a16z Crypto, Multicoin Capital, Hashed, Tiger Global, Three Arrows Capital, FTX Ventures and Coinbase Ventures contributed a total of $200 million. Aptos then went on to receive another $150 million in June from FTX Ventures and Jump Crypto. Previous investors, such as a16z crypto and Multicoin Capital, have contributed to multiple rounds of funding.

Thanks to its unique architecture, which separates consensus from execution, and its use of Move as a programming language for added security, Aptos certainly stands out from the crowd of Layer 1 projects. 

In a mere two years, Aptos has achieved a TVL of over $1 billion and attracted over 190 projects, including top DeFi platforms like PancakeSwap, Ondo Finance (the biggest stablecoin by market cap) and USDT.

Aptos has also secured partnerships with industry giants and global asset management leaders, such as BlackRock and Franklin Templeton, and entertainment titan NBCUniversal, further contributing to its credibility as one of the top Layer 1 blockchains.

All of these factors point to a bright future ahead for Aptos. Nevertheless, the crypto market is inherently volatile. As with any other cryptocurrency, before buying APT, please make sure you do 

Aptos, often dubbed the “Solana killer,” possesses plenty of features that help it stand out among other Layer 1 chains — including a highly active community, strong partnerships, and access to unique engines and programming languages. 

One of the Aptos blockchain's main competitors is 

, which is currently the hottest high-performance Layer 1 available. 

Theoretically, Solana can support up to 65,000 TPS, while Aptos is capable of supporting 160,000. While the actual performance of both blockchains falls far below their theoretical speeds, they’re still considered high-speed blockchains, with Solana 

. Apart from their fast speeds, both Aptos and Solana also appeal to many users due to their meager transaction costs, which average around $0.0001 per transaction. 

, having had notable outages and downgrades. Meanwhile, the Aptos blockchain adds redundancy to its network, rendering it less prone to failure. Each block in Aptos is synced with leader nodes and nearby nodes. In case the leader node fails, one of the other nodes can take over. This results in slightly more computational requirements, so Aptos' hardware needs are a little larger than Solana's. Ultimately, Aptos offers more reliability than Solana in exchange for slightly higher hardware requirements.

 use Move programming language, though Sui’s version is modified into an object-centric model, unlike Aptos’s account-centric model. 

Additionally, Aptos records its ledger on a blockchain, whereas Sui stores and organizes its data in a 

Both Aptos and Sui are built to be scalable, with Aptos presenting a high throughput of 160,000 TPS in its testnet days and Sui’s test throughput achieving 120,000. When both networks are launched on the mainnet, however, their maximum throughputs over the past 30 days have fallen to 

While the two networks’ scalability allows for varied use cases, Sui’s focus is on NFT games, with a recent expansion into DeFi. In contrast, Aptos is built to be more general purpose, encompassing a diverse range of applications from DeFi, GameFi and NFTs to social media, entertainment and even AI.

The Aptos blockchain has already managed to outperform 

 in terms of speed. While Ethereum's time to finality is over a minute, Aptos can finalize transactions in less than a second, due to both hardware and design differences. Ethereum only has one CPU core, while Aptos operates on 16.

However, Ethereum’s reliability is undeniably superior. While Aptos doesn't have many problems with outages, it can't compare to Ethereum's stability: Its performance is almost impossible to disrupt. As long as users are fine with paying more fees and waiting longer times, Ethereum still remains the more popular choice.

The Aptos project promises to increase blockchain scalability and reliability. 

Indeed, thanks to its innovative technology, Aptos has proven its credibility in just two short years, drawing over 190 projects to join its ecosystem and enabling it to scale rapidly and evolve to match market demand. 

While it remains to be seen whether Aptos will really be a “Solana killer,” its network is rapidly catching up to Solana’s popularity, as evidenced by its growing ecosystem and partnerships with industry leaders. 

The addition of the world’s largest stablecoin, USDT, to the Aptos blockchain further cements its position as the top blockchain of choice for users and developers seeking a scalable, secure and user-friendly platform. 

With its focus on modularity and upgradeability, Aptos continues to attract significant attention from the web3 community, revealing itself to be a formidable player in the race for blockchain dominance.

Intermediate

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What Is Aptos (APT): A Scalable Modular Layer 1 for Seamless Upgrades

Ethena Foundation has approved the activation of its fee switch, enabling revenue sharing with ENA token holders by the end of the month.

Daily Top Performer — Hedera Hashgraph (HBAR)

The S&P 500 rose 0.39%, rebounding from recent declines, driven by optimism about potential future rate cuts and expectations of a business-friendly administration. Coindesk Indices, an index measuring broader cryptocurrency market performance was up by 0.73%, with Bitcoin and Ethereum rising by 2.16% and 2.81%, respectively in the past 24 hours.

Today's top performer is HBAR, which surged 44.6% following the expansion of Hedera's governance and its advancements in AI data transparency.

Hedera Hashgraph (HBAR), launched on September 2019, is a cryptocurrency network that supports fast transactions and application deployment, overseen by a select group of business-approved nodes. This design ensures quick finality and reliability, attracting major corporations like LG, IBM, and Boeing as participants. Hedera's Governing Council has 

 to 32 members as the platform introduces new features and diverse use cases, such as using immutable records to enhance trust in AI data. The focus remains on transparency, security, and innovation for a promising future.

Check Out the Latest Prices, Charts, and Data of 

, enabling revenue sharing with ENA token holders by the end of the month. This move follows a governance vote and has already led to a significant increase in the ENA token's value. Ethena, which has achieved record-high revenues recently, generates income through various yield strategies. As one of the largest DeFi protocols by TVL, Ethena's fee switch could set a significant precedent for revenue sharing in the DeFi space.

Yesterday, BTC Spot ETF flows reached $165.5M, consisting of $5.8M from GBTC and $159.7M from non-GBTC sources.

 to drive onchain growth and reward users for trading NFTs and tokens across chains. With a total supply of 1 billion, over half will be allocated to the community through rewards, staking, and ecosystem development, with an initial 12.5% claim available at the Token Generation Event (TGE). The $ME token will power governance, staking, and user incentives across Bitcoin, Solana, and EVM ecosystems, supporting Magic Eden's goal of creating a universal onchain trading platform. The ME Foundation, a non-profit, will oversee the $ME ecosystem, ensuring security and alignment with community interests while cautioning users to beware of scams ahead of TGE.

Beginner

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Ethena Foundation Approves Fee Switch for Revenue Sharing with ENA Holders

In this tutorial, we’ll explore how you can complete a series of tasks in Derive for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade.

In this tutorial, we’ll explore how you can complete Derive tasks for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade. 

Task: Trade More Than $10 USD on Perps/Options, or Deposit More Than $10 Into Vaults

 and connect your Bybit Wallet by clicking on the 

button at the top right corner of the page. 

you want to deposit. Then, indicate the amount. Derive allows you to use stablecoins, such as USDC and USDT, or tokens, such as ETH, wstETH and WBTC, as collateral. Please note that deposits take between five to 10 minutes to complete.

to transfer your tokens into a trading account. This will allow you to trade with margin. 

: Trade at least $10 worth of perpetuals or options. 

 page and connect your Bybit Wallet by clicking on the 

button at the top right corner of the page.

: Select a vault based on your preferred collateral, market outlook and risk tolerance. Vaults automatically execute yield-generating options strategies on your deposited tokens.

. Please note that deposits take between 10 to 20 minutes to complete.

derive tutorial.png

How to Complete Derive Tasks for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade

In this tutorial, we’ll explore how you can complete a series of tasks in KiloEx for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade.

In this tutorial, we’ll explore how you can complete KiloEx tasks for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade. 

Task 1: Deposit at Least 10 USDT in the KiloEx Vault via opBNB

 in the navigation bar to enter the KiloEx Vault. 

: Enter at least 10 USDT as the amount you would like to deposit, and click on 

: Approve the transaction and confirm it. 

: Check your deposit status. Please note that as you’re not able to withdraw immediately, you’ll need to wait for 1–3 epochs.

: Once the above steps have been completed, you can click on the 

button to withdraw your deposited amount.

Task 2: Place a Position With at Least 10 USDT

: If your BNB or USDT is insufficient, you can follow the bridge tutorial 

: After bridging funds, choose your desired trading pair and place an order to 

: The minimum position value for this task is $10. To minimize your risk of 

, we suggest opening a position with 2x leverage and maintaining a margin of $5. In this example, we’ve used a minimum of 2x leverage to open a position and select 

: Confirm your order and your position will be created. 

kiloex tutorial.png

How to Complete KiloEx Tasks for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade

Bybit Learn

Altcoins

Blockchain

Polygon is one of the top Layer 2 scaling solutions designed to enhance scalability while maintaining security when using and building on Ethereum.

polygon-2-0.png

polygon-pos-hardfork-upgrades.png

 is one busy ecosystem and plays a massive role in driving the 

 movement forward. However, despite its novel architecture, the blockchain is limited in its scalability due to challenges such as network congestion and high gas fees.

 scaling solutions were birthed. One such platform is Polygon (formerly Matic Network), designed to bring interoperability between multiple 

-compatible blockchains, including Ethereum.

Let’s explore the Polygon universe and learn why its token, MATIC, is one of the 

Polygon is a Layer 2 scaling solution designed to provide an easy-to-use platform. It’s equipped with the tools necessary to enhance scalability while maintaining security when using and building on Ethereum. 

As the home of decentralized applications (

) products, Ethereum’s network is often clogged, reducing the speed of transactions and increasing gas fees. 

To counter this, projects such as Polygon act as an additional layer designed to enhance the capabilities of the primary blockchain without changing its original structure.

Polygon was initially known as Matic Network and was co-founded in Mumbai, India in 2017 by a team of ambitious Ethereum developers: Jaynti Kanani, Sandeep Nailwal and Anurag Arjun, said to be the first Indian crypto billionaires.

 to Polygon in a bid to expand its mission and tech scope to include a suite of developer solutions for catering to various functionalities.

 to Ethereum, running parallel to the Ethereum mainchain architecture and offering EVM compatibility.

When it was initially launched, Matic Network was basically a scalability solution for Ethereum-based applications. Matic Network started with plasma chains to transfer assets between the mainchain and the sidechain. 

 are independent blockchains outside the main Ethereum blockchain, designed with their own consensus mechanism to allow the confirmation of transactions off-chain. 

With its rebranding to Polygon in 2021, Polygon uses ZK-rollups for more effective scaling of Ethereum. It now aims to be the aggregator for all Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solutions and to transform Ethereum into a multi-chain network. Some of its upgraded features include Polygon zkEVM, Polygon PoS and Polygon Supernets.

Polygon's mainchain is a sidechain that uses a 

 (PoS) approach to decide who can mine or validate a block. This is in complete contrast to 

 (PoW), whereby every competing node attempts to solve a complex problem, and the miner with the most expensive hardware wins.

 for choosing block producers, which increases the network's scalability and security. Block producers are chosen randomly from among PoS validators in the network, providing increased security and scalability as the pool of validators is quite large.

Polygon validators running parallel to the Ethereum mainchain keep validating the Polygon ecosystem's transactions at regular checkpoints. This helps maintain consistency and addresses any disputes that might arise.

Apart from this, Polygon has its own Polygon Network layer, which is essential for block production and local consensus in its blockchain ecosystem. The Ethereum virtual machine (EVM) helps Polygon implement smart contracts. 

, which combine a large number of off-chain transfers into a single transaction. This mechanism helps add anonymity to transactions, thus ensuring privacy for users. Even though validation and consensus are available, no private information is leaked, which is referred to as 

All of these strategies combined provide Polygon with a distributed and secure architecture. This is how it easily surpasses the Ethereum network’s current throughput of 14 

 (TPS). The increased scalability makes transactions a much cheaper commodity than they currently are on Ethereum’s overburdened network.

As two of the most popular blockchains in DeFi, Ethereum and Polygon play a crucial roll, especially among developers. There's often debate about their capabilities and distinctions. At times, Polygon is seen as a replacement for Ethereum.

However, Polygon is built on top of Ethereum and benefits fully from the latter's strengths, such as leveraging its enhanced security and developed architecture. It shares Ethereum’s values of open innovation and complete decentralization. 

Rather than compete with Ethereum, Polygon is designed to help its blockchain provide an improved user experience by speeding up transactions at a lower cost.

, designed to significantly solve Ethereum’s scalability issues by decongesting its network, could render Polygon redundant. However, Polygon remains a strong network that’s crucial to facilitating Ethereum's shift toward a more scalable system and making it accessible to all. 

For now, it will take time for Ethereum to catch up with Polygon's speeds and low fees. Polygon can process up to 65,000 transactions per second, much faster than Ethereum's current capacity of around 10 to 15 transactions per second. Hence, as a user, you may want to use Polygon for transacting, due to its high throughput and extremely low gas fees as compared to Ethereum. 

Benefits of Polygon Over Alternative Blockchains

Even though there are many scalability solutions based on Ethereum’s network, Polygon has its own distinct set of advantages. Some of these are listed below.

) — the first-ever EVM-compatible version of ZK-rollups, designed to work effortlessly with all existing smart contracts, developer tools and wallets. At the same time, it also reduces user friction by removing the need for any modification or reimplementation of code. 

In addition, zkEVM inherits Ethereum’s security while increasing performance and reducing fees by a large amount. With zkEVM, any smart contract or developer tool that can be used on Ethereum can now be used on Polygon. 

The development team aims to build zkEVM into the holy grail of web3 infrastructure of scalability, security and Ethereum compatibility.

Polygon’s zkEVM rollup was released on the public testnet on Oct 10, 2022, while the mainnet went live on March 27, 2023. Furthermore, one of the co-founders shared that plans were underway to upgrade Polygon PoS into a 

, making Polygon's security comparable to Ethereum's. Having the network as a validium rather than a rollup implies that only validation proofs will be stored on Ethereum, while all the other data is stored locally. 

This upgrade will also drastically reduce costs and open up the network to applications, such as web3 gaming, which process large volumes of transactions. The upgrade is expected to be made between February and March 2024 in what developers are calling Polygon 2.

To reduce its gas spikes as well as its block transaction finality time, Polygon implemented a mainnet 

There are two parts to the upgrade. The first is the reduction of gas spikes. Gas spikes are the abnormal price surges in gas fees that occur due to two factors — the 

 update, and Polygon's switch to PoS, which has led to faster block times. In addition, the 

 will be increased from eight to 16 to ease the base fee rate changes, due to a rise above or drop below the target gas limits. After the denominator is increased to 16, the base gas fee is expected to fall from 12.5% to 6.25%.

 of Polygon’s blocks from 64 to 16 blocks to solve the chain reorganization issue. As the 

 length is equivalent to the sprint length, a reduction in sprint length will reduce the time needed to produce blocks continuously. This will lower the frequency of reorgs, thereby leading to better transaction finality times. This update doesn’t impact the total time or number of blocks a validator produces, so block rewards won’t be reduced.

MATIC was first released in 2017 with the launch of the Matic Network, which began with the goal of solving the Ethereum network’s inherent problems related to its performance and affordability issues. Since then, it’s been widely adopted in various projects, making it one of the most popular scalability solutions in the crypto market. To build upon its initial success, the Polygon team expanded its services with a broader vision.

Thus, in February 2021, MATIC was rebranded to Polygon, offering an improved scalability solution incorporating interoperability in its long-term vision.

Following this, Polygon has been designed to create a world where users of EVM-compatible blockchains can interconnect and transact without needing a third-party enabler. 

As of Jul 1, 2023, Polygon’s price was $0.70, approximately 22,223% above its all-time low (ATL) of $0.00314 on May 10, 2019, and a 75.94% drop from its all-time high (ATH) of $2.92 on Dec 27, 2021. 

Price forecasting experts are quite bullish on MATIC’s price. According to DigitalCoinPrice’s 

, price analysts believe it could hit a maximum price of $2.56 in 2025 and increase to $7.34 in 2030. Experts at PricePrediction 

, asserting that MATIC could hit $2.02 in 2025 and rise to a maximum price of $14.06 by 2030. 

While these price predictions represent a bullish outlook, they aren’t financial advice or a guarantee of the future price of Polygon. We highly recommend that you always 

 before investing in MATIC or any other altcoins. 

As Polygon employs a PoS consensus, it requires validators and delegators to secure the network. Each time a validator checks and adds new transactions to the blockchain, they’re rewarded in MATIC tokens. 

Anyone can become a validator on Polygon and set up their own node, or lease to a community node. Rewards depend upon the amount of MATIC staked and the transactions in the network. If your selected validator makes a serious error, you may lose part or all of the MATIC tokens you’ve staked.

Alternatively, you can stake your MATIC with 

 to automatically earn rewards that go directly into your account. Bybit Savings allows you to withdraw your MATIC at any time, as compared to the nine-day unstaking period on the Polygon Network.

Polygon has done incredibly well in its bid to onboard more users into web3 by providing an easy way to benefit from the superior architecture of Ethereum, without worrying about high gas fees and delayed transactions. 

Furthermore, the project’s rebranding to expand its technical scope has opened up its architecture to a diverse range of services, leading to a thriving ecosystem.

Notably, Polygon has proposed a major upgrade to its network, dubbed 

, which the team believes will significantly improve scalability and unify liquidity. When successfully implemented, Polygon 2.0 will leverage ZK (zero knowledge) technology to create what it's calling the 

, enabling unlimited creation and exchange for all.

MATIC is driving innovation payments on DApps, DEXs and gaming networks. Its fast market adoption is behind its favorable prospects and price jump.

There are around 19,000 DApps currently using the Polygon Network to implement their services. 

Some top projects using MATIC coin currently include:

Polygon has established a wide range of partnerships to adopt more users, including the following.

What Is Polygon (MATIC): Unlocking Limitless Scalability

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards