Our monthly report delves into insights from options volatility to inspire your next crypto move.

Following the significant expiration of contracts on Dec 27, 2024, and despite the largest single-day expiration in crypto derivatives history, the anticipated spike in volatility did not materialize. Instead, the realized volatility of BTC, ETH and SOL declined, defying expectations. Key takeaways include the following:

Please check out the report’s highlights.

Market Dynamics Post-Expiration in December 2024

Although the December 27 expiration saw over $435 million in contracts expire, the actual market response was muted. Only $65.53 million of BTC options expired 

 (ITM), indicating that the majority of significant contracts expired worthless. The clustering of ITM puts and calls at high strike levels (between $70K and $105K) highlighted the lack of significant hedging activity that typically drives volatility during expiration events.

As a result, realized volatility for BTC, ETH and SOL fell, with the most notable declines observed in the days following the expiration. This trend reflects a market environment in which sophisticated trading strategies haven’t led to the anticipated volatility spikes, indicating a cautious sentiment among traders.

Could $100K Hold This Time? — and Volatility Premiums

Despite the lack of immediate volatility following the expiration, forward-looking volatility expectations for 2025 remain elevated. Implied volatility levels for BTC and ETH have traded sideways, but the premium over realized volatility is at its highest since before the Nov 5, 2024 U.S. elections, suggesting traders are preparing for potential future price swings.

The term structure of implied volatility indicates a stable demand for short-term options, even as the market navigates a quieter winter. Meanwhile, the return to BTC prices above $100K hasn’t seen the same level of inversion in term structure as previous rallies, suggesting a less aggressive market stance. However, a bullish call-skew in shorter-tenor volatility smiles indicates ongoing optimism among traders regarding potential price movements in the near future.

Advanced

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Bybit X Block Scholes Option Volatility Report (January 2025): Reflections From Year-End Expirations; Will $100K Hold This Time?

Discover Rifampicin (RIF), a Solana-based token merging decentralized science with longevity research on Pump.science. Explore live experiments, gamified funding and predictions.

Rifampicin (RIF) is the gamified compound token for the Rifampicin experiment, representing longevity research conducted with the compound Rifampicin. As part of the 

 (DeSci) movement spearheaded by Molecule and 

, RIF is connected to the Pump.science platform, which leverages blockchain’s decentralized nature to democratize access to research and innovation.

This guide explores what Pump.science is, the RIF token (including its launch and trading) and the way Pump.science seeks to address critical challenges within longevity research.

 highlights three core challenges in developing life-extending interventions.

Traditional research, such as that conducted through human and mouse trials, is often slow and expensive. With more potential drug molecules than atoms in the universe, high-throughput methods are essential. Pump.science leverages blockchain and gamification to balance speed, cost and quality, accelerating discoveries while maintaining data integrity.

 is a blockchain-based research protocol that democratizes the process of conducting and funding scientific experiments, with a focus on longevity research. By breaking down barriers to scientific innovation, Pump.science fosters a more inclusive and creative environment for discoveries.

The platform allows users to propose longevity-focused drug regimens, test them on experimental platforms such as 

 (with plans to expand to other models) and retain ownership of the resulting intellectual property (IP). Results are transparently shared for community review and collaboration.

Think of it as a virtual arena for scientific experimentation, in which regimens compete to extend lifespans. The Colosseum is now a petri dish, the gladiators are microscopic organisms and their weapons are cutting-edge longevity strategies.

How Pump.science Aims to Solve the Longevity Trilemma

Pump.science uses tools such as WormBot to gamify research, creating a Percentage Life Extension (PLE) score as a benchmark for success. Here’s how the basic process works:

This approach reduces research costs, democratizes participation and introduces a transparent, collaborative system for scientific advancement.

Pump.science is a blockchain-based platform that decentralizes and funds longevity research through gamified experimentation. Its process includes the following steps:

This milestone-driven approach combines accessible funding with transparent experimentation, enabling a collaborative and efficient path to discovering effective longevity compounds.

Pump.science integrates decentralized funding with structured, milestone-based experimentation, ensuring each stage is financially feasible and tied to measurable thresholds, as follows:

These thresholds are informed by extensive analysis of historical trading data on platforms like 

, ensuring alignment between funding goals and realistic market behavior.

Efficient and Transparent Research Funding

This structured funding model reduces reliance on centralized gatekeepers, enabling community-driven innovation and collaboration.

 (RIF) is a token on the Solana blockchain that represents ownership in longevity experiments using the compound Rifampicin. Traditionally an antibiotic, Rifampicin is gaining attention for its potential anti-aging properties. Studies of 

 (worms) suggest Rifampicin enhances cellular defenses against stress and damage, extending lifespan by maintaining protein quality and reducing oxidative stress.

On Pump.science, investors can fund and monitor real-time experiments by using RIF tokens.

The RIF token represents intellectual property and experimental rights for Rifampicin on Pump.science. Participants can trade the token and view data from studies that assess its impact on longevity. Its tokenomics ensure efficient funding, as well as transparency and scalability for advancing scientific discovery.

As trading scales, RIF tokens empower participants to fund and benefit from transformative scientific breakthroughs.

 (FDV) of $42 million, reflecting its total supply of 1 billion tokens. Its price performance indicates its potential, as follows:

Pump.science’s clear and ambitious road map for 2025 indicates that the platform is set to expand its impact on decentralized longevity research.

By integrating RIF tokens and leveraging blockchain for funding and data sharing, Pump.science is transforming longevity research into a collaborative and gamified frontier.

Rifampicin (RIF) is now available to trade as a Bybit Perpetual contract. Trade 

Intermediate

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Rifampicin (RIF): Gamified Decentralized Science

Fuel (FUEL) redefines Ethereum Layer 2 with modular design, parallelized transactions, and developer-friendly tools, enabling scalable, low-cost DApps.

 blockchain solutions have mushroomed over the past few years. As a result, developers have a solution for building efficient, low-cost and scalable 

 (DApps), a phenomenon mainly driven by Ethereum's network congestion, poor scalability and high transaction costs. However, many of these Layer 2 networks continue to suffer from performance issues, albeit not to the extent of 

 network. Some blockchain technicians have attributed such performance limitations to the monolithic nature of these platforms.

Fuel is a Layer 2 solution for the Ethereum blockchain that aims to address these problems by adopting a highly modular design and technical innovations such as parallelized transaction processing. Having started as an 

, one of the first of its kind within the world of Ethereum, Fuel has evolved into a modular, high-performance execution layer designed to help developers build scalable DApps. While offering an efficient, high-performance execution layer, Fuel utilizes Ethereum's own data availability (DA) and 

First introduced in 2020, the Fuel project entered a new era at the tail end of 2024 with the launch of its native token, FUEL, and a sharper focus on providing high-performance execution layer infrastructure.

 (FUEL) is a Layer 2-focused blockchain infrastructure project offering a high-performance modular execution layer while utilizing Ethereum’s Layer 1 DA and consensus layers

.Fuel was initially launched in December 2020 as one of the earliest optimistic rollups for Ethereum. Over the next several years, the project’s team refocused their efforts on delivering a modular, scalable Layer 2 solution with its own execution layer, externalizing the DA and consensus layers.

The result of this new approach is the current Fuel network, sometimes referred to as Fuel V2, which acts as what the project has called an operating system for Ethereum rollups. In essence, Fuel V2 offers developers a convenient and flexible way to launch rollup networks and DApps that leverage Fuel's modular architecture principles — an internal and highly scalable execution layer interacting with Ethereum's DA and consensus layers.

Rollups developed using the Fuel framework will feature significant mutual interoperability, in addition to the core benefits of scalability, low costs and Ethereum-supported security. The project’s team launched the first of these Fuel-powered rollups, Fuel Ignition, in October 2024.

As of early 2025, Fuel is actively building an infrastructural ecosystem to support Fuel Ignition and other Fuel-based rollup networks. For instance, users can already take advantage of the platform's native 

, Fuel Wallet, which lets them interact with DApps based on Fuel-powered rollup networks.

Fuel is also actively working on decentralizing its network to enhance security and performance. While a typical rollup solution uses a single sequencer node, a key network actor responsible for both block-building and proposing blocks to the underlying Layer 1, Fuel separates the roles of the builder and the proposer between distinct nodes. Fuel has already completed Phase 0 of its sequencer decentralization initiative, and operates 12 proposers and a single builder. Phase 1 will introduce multiple builders, along with around 100 proposers. The final stage of decentralization, Phase 2, is envisioned to feature as many as 10,000 sequencer proposers.

Fuel aims to be developer-friendly, and offers blockchain developers a toolbox called 

 to facilitate easy scripting and deployment of 

The project's developer is Fuel Labs, a Vancouver (Canada)–based blockchain development company founded by John Adler and Nick Dodson in 2019.

Fuel-based rollups boast performance and security benefits, thanks to several technological innovations, particularly a modular design, a highly secure 

 address model and parallelized transaction processing.

Fuel's technical advantages are based on architectural modularity. Most other rollups use Ethereum Layer 1 only for consensus, internalizing their execution and DA layers. Sidechains, another popular Layer 2 network type besides rollups, often keep all three blockchain layers under the hood. Such monolithic designs may limit scalability or security — or both.

In contrast, Fuel internally handles only the execution layer, allowing the overall platform to remain highly flexible and adaptable. Some other modular rollups adopt the same approach, but they often outsource their DA layers to partnering DA providers, many of which are small projects with less established security profiles. Fuel, on the other hand, utilizes Ethereum Layer 1 directly for both DA and consensus. Since Ethereum is one of the industry's most secure and decentralized platforms, Fuel's overall modular setup enjoys high levels of security.

Another key security advantage of Fuel stems from its UTXO transaction model. While Ethereum and many Ethereum-linked Layer 2 chains employ an account-based model, Fuel utilizes a UTXO setup in which each network address contains unspent amounts from earlier transactions, and each transfer represents an exchange of these unspent funds. First implemented by 

’s blockchain, UTXO is regarded as more secure than Ethereum's account-based model, particularly with regard to protections from 

Fuel's UTXO model also features another critical performance advantage — namely, support for parallel transaction processing. At runtime, Fuel's processing engine determines which transactions don't overlap, in terms of the addresses and UTXO amounts involved. Non-overlapping transactions are then processed in parallel, delivering significant scalability and throughput advantages.

FuelVM is the platform's processing engine. Fuel's virtual machine (VM) is a register-based system designed to optimize performance and parallelized transaction execution. Register-based VMs are one of the two most popular types of VMs, along with stack-based systems like 

 (EVM). Within a stack-based VM, data is stored in and retrieved from a temporary memory stack during transaction processing. In such systems, data pieces are stored and accessed in a last-in, first-out (LIFO) fashion, creating performance bottlenecks, such as a need for frequent instructions or a lack of direct access.

In contrast, a register-based system such as FuelVM processes data pieces held in registers — separate labeled storage areas. Such a design delivers performance benefits in the form of fewer instructions, enabling a more straightforward implementation of parallelized processing.

Sway is a programming language for writing Fuel-based 

. It's a domain-specific language, adapted to the needs of blockchain developers. Sway is based on Rust, a popular general-purpose programming language that emphasizes performance and concurrent processing. Since Fuel heavily leverages parallelized processing in order to achieve its scalability and throughput benefits, the Rust-based Sway is an optimal language for the Fuel platform's smart contracts.

While Sway has inherited many of Rust's properties, Fuel Labs has specifically adapted it for blockchain-based smart contract development. As such, blockchain development with Sway is typically easier and more efficient than using Rust.

Fuel Ignition is the first rollup network to leverage FuelVM. We noted earlier that Fuel is essentially a high-performance execution layer that developers can leverage to launch custom rollups. Theoretically, many different Ethereum-linked rollup chains can utilize Fuel and become part of the platform's ecosystem. Fuel Ignition represents the first step in this direction.

Fuel Ignition features one-second block times and gas fees that are small fractions of a cent. According to the project's public communications, transaction fees on Fuel Ignition can be lower than $0.0002. The Fuel Ignition Layer 2 chain utilizes Ethereum's DA layer. It optimizes the cost and efficiency of data processing on the underlying Layer 1 through the implementation of 

, an experimental Ethereum feature that uses bundles of data called "blobs," instead of standard transactions.

Fuel Ignition boasts a throughput of over 600 

 (TPS) on the Ethereum DA layer. It also features a high TPS per CPU core, with a throughput of 21,000 TPS per CPU. With parallelized processing and high TPS per core, Fuel Ignition is ideally suited for mass adoption on consumer hardware.

Another distinct feature of Ignition is its nearly universal support for Ethereum and 

 (SOL) native wallets. As of early January 2024, the blockchain already has over 60 live DApps operating on it in areas ranging from 

FuelProver is the platform's hybrid proof-generation solution that combines the features of optimistic fraud proofs and 

. Rollups pass these proofs along with blocks of transactions to the underlying Layer 1 chain to help validate transaction data. Optimistic rollups generally offer lower computational overheads, while ZK-rollups feature greater security. FuelProver is envisioned to combine the benefits of the two rollup types, helping developers integrate Fuel's execution layer into both varieties.

Fuel's native cryptocurrency, FUEL, is an 

 token issued on the Ethereum blockchain in December 2024. One of the token's key functions is to support the project's decentralized sequencer network, which is based on the 

 (PoS) validation method. The network utilizes FUEL to secure its operations via staking and stake delegation. Sequencers are rewarded in FUEL for their transaction processing activity. Other platform users can delegate FUEL to preferred sequencers to earn a share of the rewards.

Developers pay in FUEL to utilize the platform's resources, such as access to DA. Gas fees on the sequencer network are also paid in FUEL tokens.

The FUEL token is also used for Application Specific Sequencing, whereby users can bond their FUEL to a specific DApp and earn staking rewards from that application.

FUEL has a total supply of 10 billion, with an annual supply inflation of 3%. The image below details the token’s distribution:

The Fuel project has announced a genesis airdrop campaign, during which 10% of the FUEL supply (1 billion tokens) will be distributed to more than 200,000 eligible addresses. Recipients include various groups of early adopters, including testnet users, holders of NFTs on Fuel Ignition, those bridging funds to the blockchain, active gas users and open-source code contributors. The airdrop is active between Dec 19, 2024 and Jan 19, 2025.

The FUEL token can be purchased as Spot pair (

) on Bybit. As of Jan 7, 2024, FUEL is trading at $0.067, which is 19.8% lower than its ATH of $0.08375 on Dec 29, 2024 and 78.5% higher than its ATL of $0.03762 on Dec 20, 2024.

Until Jan 14, 2025, 8AM UTC, you have the chance to 

 by embarking on Bybit’s Puzzle Hunt! To earn FUEL rewards, start by registering for the Puzzle Hunt event. Then, collect puzzle pieces either by completing simple daily tasks or receiving the pieces from your friends. If you complete three consecutive puzzle pieces, you can earn achance at a lucky draw to unlock even more FUEL rewards. Additionally, be among the first 600 participants to complete the entire puzzle, and you can claim 5,000 FUEL!

Fuel’s network offers developers a unique environment in which to spin off Ethereum rollups. The developer toolchain — featuring Fuel Orchestrator, the Sway programming language and the parallel processing–capable FuelVM — offers outstanding tools that, along with the platform's high throughput capacity and modular design, make the job of launching high-performance rollups that much easier. As Fuel progresses in 2025, the project’s team is determined to keep its focus on serving the developer community, and strives to promote collaboration, innovation, education, creativity and efficiency in all matters related to blockchain rollup development.

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Fuel (FUEL): The Modular Ethereum Layer 2 for Developers

Solana's new proposal introduces a lattice-based hashing system to address the "state growth problem," allowing the blockchain to scale to billions of user accounts. 

Daily Top Performer —  Pudgy Penguins (PENGU)

The S&P 500 rose 0.55% on Monday, driven by gains in tech and semiconductor stocks, with Nvidia and Micron leading the way. Coindesk Indices, an index measuring broader cryptocurrency market performance was up by 2.17%, with Bitcoin and Ether rising by 4.08% and 0.61%, respectively in the past 24 hours.

Today's top performer is PENGU, which surged 3.5% following the Pudgy Penguins assets surge ahead of the Abstract Network launch.

Pudgy Penguins (PENGU), launched in 2021, is a popular NFT collection with a market cap of over $1.19 billion as of December 2024. The brand has expanded into physical toys, generating $10 million in sales through partnerships with major retailers. Ahead of the launch of the Abstract Ethereum layer-2 network, Pudgy Penguins assets are increasing in value. The PENGU token has seen significant growth, while Pudgy Penguin NFTs are approaching a higher floor price. The rise is linked to growing PENGU holders and speculation of another airdrop. Companion collections Lil Pudgys and Pudgy Rods have also gained in value. Details about Abstract’s launch are still scarce, but anticipation is building.

Check Out the Latest Prices, Charts, and Data of Perp 

 introduces a lattice-based hashing system to address the "state growth problem," allowing the blockchain to scale to billions of user accounts. This system enables instant verification of accounts without recalculating the entire state, reducing computational overhead while maintaining security. Early tests have shown promising results, and the upgrade will be implemented through Solana’s formal improvement process, with gradual activation through validator voting.

Yesterday, the total flow for BTC Spot ETFs was $769.5 million, with $73.8 million in GBTC and $695.7 million in non-GBTC.

Check Out the Latest Prices, Charts, and Data of 

. To earn tokens, complete simple tasks like joining Discord or following on X. Tokens can be redeemed at TGE. To participate, connect your Solana wallet, complete tasks, and claim daily rewards. Additionally, the SLM Store charges 1 $ASRR token per query. Start now to maximize your rewards!

Beginner

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Solana's New Hashing Proposal Aims to Scale Blockchain to Billions of Accounts

Bybit Learn

Crypto

Interested to calculate the profits you can get from crypto mining? Here are the best crypto mining profitability calculators to use for max gains!

 can be an exciting venture, but there are a lot of details you need to consider before jumping in. With a huge variety of innovative 

 on the market and several assets to mine, you need to make sure you’re choosing the most profitable options available. Crypto mining profitability calculators offer miners estimates based on several different factors, enabling them to make faster, more informed decisions. Use this guide to learn more about crypto mining profitability calculators and their uses.

Crypto mining is the process of validating transactions on a 

 network in exchange for a reward. While mining can be completed on personal computers, you’ll need specialized equipment to maximize your profits.

Factors Affecting Crypto Mining Profitability

Mining is a lot more complex than it sounds, and there are several factors that affect overall profitability. While the biggest factor is the equipment you’re using, there are many other things to consider. A crypto mining profitability calculator will account for most of these factors.

 is the amount of power your equipment is generating to complete a blockchain transaction. Hashes are measured per second. For most home computer mining setups, you’ll likely be generating KH/s or kilo (thousands), MH/s or mega (millions), or GH/s or giga (billions) of hashes per second. More specialized equipment will have a higher output and could generate TH/s or tera (trillions), PH/s or peta (quadrillions), or EH/s or exa (quintillions) of hashes per second.

Power consumption is the amount of energy spent to run the mining equipment. This unit is measured in watts (W). Most calculators will pull general information from the equipment manufacturer’s website to calculate this. While the number may seem small, it quickly adds up!

It’s no secret that electricity isn’t cheap. While your exact cost will vary from location to location, you’ll need to find out how much you’re paying per watt in order for the calculator to provide you with an accurate profitability estimate. If you can’t find the price per watt on your electricity bill, check your provider’s website. If you’re hoping to set up a mining location outside of your home, you can conduct extensive research on average electricity prices for each of the areas you’re considering.

The market value of cryptocurrency changes every second. While some cryptocurrencies hold value over time, there’s always the possibility that a value can rise or plummet. Even if you aren’t mining 

 and are focused on Bitcoin, you’ll need to pay close attention to market trends and prices if you want to maximize profitability.

In order to improve the odds that you’ll successfully mine a new block, you might consider joining a mining pool. Whenever a new block is mined by the pool, each participant receives a portion of the reward equal to their contribution. Crypto mining pools collect the power of multiple miners and are hosted by an admin. Joining a mining pool eliminates some of the technical work an individual needs to do in order to become profitable. In exchange for the service, miners will contribute up to 3% of their individual reward to the pool on average.

Network difficulty refers to how hard it is to mine a single block. Typically, the more people mining on a blockchain, the more difficult it becomes to mine a block. For example, in 2009, the 

 a block of Bitcoin was 50 BTC. As more people mine the cryptocurrency, reducing the available number of BTC, the number of BTC rewarded is cut in half (although BTC’s value has grown over time, partly compensating for the 50% reduction). Bitcoin has had several halving events lowering its reward for miners, and it’s estimated that the reward will be 3.125 BTC by 2024. On average, a new Bitcoin is mined every 10 minutes.

As mentioned above, your mining setup will have a huge impact on profitability. While most home computers can run mining software, they aren’t the most effective way to make money. You’ll most likely need to invest in a rig and multiple graphics cards or 

. As your setup expands, you’ll also need to consider cooling equipment to optimize performance. If you’re planning on running multiple devices out of your home, you may want to consider adding noise-canceling insulation to the area.

Block reward is the amount you receive whenever you successfully mine a new block. This amount varies greatly from network to network. The amount can also change on a moment’s notice. Many miners compare different blockchain rewards before deciding what to mine long-term. Others invest in a setup that allows them to quickly switch between multiple blockchain networks, enabling them to mine whatever is the most profitable.

How to Calculate Crypto Mining Profitability

Figuring out how profitable your crypto mining venture will be is done by adding up your estimated expenses and then subtracting those from your estimated profits. 

While this can sound simple, it’s important to understand that these are estimates, and can change within seconds. A crypto mining profitability calculator helps to eliminate some of the lengthier calculations, such as how many watts of electricity your setup will use in a day. Not only does this make life easier, but it’s also critical if you need to do fast comparisons to purchase new equipment or switch between blockchains.

What Are Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators?

Crypto mining profitability calculators are tools that estimate the average reward a miner will earn. The calculators use the hash rate the equipment can produce, the amount and cost of the energy it will consume, and other factors to determine an estimate.

Pros of Using Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators

There are several reasons why miners may use calculators to determine profitability. They’re often a necessity for those trying to maximize their gains. Here are a few good reasons to bookmark a reliable profitability calculator.

Quickly See the Most Profitable Blockchain Networks

If you’ve invested in a setup that allows you to quickly switch between networks, you won’t be mining the same thing every day. That’s because the value of each cryptocurrency can change rapidly. Some networks also issue higher block rewards than others. Sometimes, new altcoins are the most profitable to mine. At other times, Bitcoin mining is your best bet. When you develop your mining strategy, you need to be able to see your estimated profits for multiple networks in order to determine where you’re going to focus your efforts.

Identify Changes That Impact Crypto Mining Profitability

Advanced calculators will often display factors such as network difficulty and reward amount. This information is automatically generated for you. Some calculators, such as the specialized ones at 

, even link you to the latest crypto news. This helps you to gain a better understanding of what affects profitability, and can help you decide if you need to change your strategies.

Calculators Save Time When Buying New Equipment

Thinking of purchasing a new graphics card for your rig? Wondering how much more profitable your venture would be if you invested in specialized Bitcoin mining hardware? While a calculator can only use information from the manufacturer’s website, it can still provide you with an estimate of how the new equipment will affect the profitability of your setup. This is incredibly useful, as technology is constantly advancing and many miners are constantly looking for ways to improve their profitability.

Cons of Using Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators

Of course, crypto mining profitability calculators aren’t perfect. While they are a useful tool, there are several downsides to becoming too reliant on them.

It’s Impossible to Account for Everything

There are several factors that calculators consider when providing an estimate. Unfortunately, they cannot account for things like equipment wear and tear. The calculators are also reliant on manufacturer-provided information to provide an estimate. 

If you’re relying on profitability calculators to make estimates for anything longer than a day, you’ll also need to consider possibilities such as internet connectivity issues, power outages and security breaches – all of which will affect your bottom line.

No one truly knows the exact future price of Bitcoin. While mining calculators can provide you with detailed profitability estimates, they typically can’t account for changes in price. This means that it’s impossible to reach 100% accuracy in comparing estimates to see how long it will take you to achieve profitability. The calculator assumes the price of an asset will be the same an hour, day, month or year from now.

While every calculator provides a wealth of information, they aren’t all “new-user friendly.” Only a few calculators offer straightforward information, such as NiceHash’s Bitcoin mining profitability calculator or 

’s Mini Mining Profit Calculator. Others present you with a slew of information — and you’ll need to learn how to use it to your advantage if you want to truly maximize your profits.

Best Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators

If you search for crypto mining profitability calculators, you may be surprised by the number of results you see. While many calculators use the same formulas, they all have different interfaces and features. Some miners even find that they use different profitability calculators for different goals. Following are some of the best crypto mining profitability calculators available.

 is among the most trusted crypto mining profitability calculators. The platform is designed to be very user-friendly, and is geared toward individual investors. New miners wanting to start mining using their personal computers can use the auto detection feature to determine how profitable their CPU and GPU would be for mining. A manual selection option allows users to easily compare devices.

The biggest limitation of NiceHash is that it only displays information in BTC. NiceHash is designed to encourage users to mine Bitcoin with their user-friendly services. You won’t be able to compare your options if you’re planning on switching between Bitcoin and altcoins.

 is among the easiest calculators to use if you already know your average hashing power. Simply select the cryptocurrency you’re planning on mining. You can choose from 

. Then enter in your hashing power, power consumption, electricity costs and pool fee percentages. The calculator will display your estimated profits by day, week, month and year.

The biggest downside of using CryptoCompare is that you need to already have a good understanding of your equipment before you can use it. It’s designed for miners who already know how much power they’re using, as well as their average hash rate. While this is great for established miners wanting to quickly switch between cryptocurrencies, it’s less helpful for people looking to invest in new devices.

, a Canadian publicly traded company, offers a very simple and straightforward Bitcoin mining profitability calculator which accounts for current estimated difficulty and block rewards.t Users then enter their hash rate, BTC/CAD exchange rate, pool fees, hardware costs, power consumption, and costs in CAD. The calculator will then provide a profit estimation by day, week, month and year.

Like CryptoCompare, the CoinSmart calculator is good for providing miners with a general estimate of profitability. The biggest downside is that it’s limited to Bitcoin — and you need to have a lot of information handy in order to make the most out of the calculator. If you’re looking for a Bitcoin mining profitability calculator that’s simple to use and displays results in CAD rather than USD, CryptoCompare is a good choice.

’s greatest features is that they have over 100 different calculators on their website to use. If you’re quickly switching between mining ventures, you can use their calculators to compare profitability. Bitcoin, Ethereum, 

, Ethereum Classic, Litecoin, Monero, Ravencoin, Dash and several other specialized calculators are available. Use the Search function in the left column to find the exact calculator you need.

Like other advanced crypto mining profitability calculators, you’ll need to know your hashing power, pool fees, power usage and other costs to get an accurate profitability estimate. CryptoRival will provide the mining difficulty and block reward information.

In addition to offering profitability estimates, CryptoRival offers real-time price information, news updates, exchange information and more. This can help you better understand the crypto that  you’re mining in order to make a more informed decision about your investment.

 offers several great calculators for miners who want to understand all their options. Like other advanced calculators on this list, you can customize a lot of the values to get a fairly accurate estimate.

The hash rate mining calculator found on their website can have a bit of a learning curve to it but allows miners to quickly compare the profitability of Bitcoin and several altcoins. In addition to Bitcoin, Ethereum, Dogecoin, and Litecoin, CoinWarz displays information for altcoins like Verge, Peercoin, Ravencoin and Horizen.

 is among the most popular free crypto mining calculators available. This detailed calculator supports several assets, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Horizen and Dash. Miners can use both GPU and ASIC calculators for a strong overview of which assets are the most profitable. They can also compare mining difficulty, estimated rewards and more.

If you’re new to mining cryptocurrency, the WhatToMine calculator can be a bit overwhelming. Creating an account will allow you to customize the calculator a bit more so you can quickly find the information you need to make decisions. If you want to compare GPU and miner equipment, WhatToMine also offers a top profitability ranking list for each. This can help you quickly explore new devices but doesn’t provide you with as many details on equipment as other calculators do.

 is another calculator designed to help miners choose between equipment. The tool quickly displays the most profitable devices based on the algorithm and electricity costs set by the user. With a subscription, users can also set up alerts, join mining pools, and find information on Bitcoin and trending altcoins before entering a pool.

 is another pool service that offers easy-to-use crypto mining profitability calculators. One thing that sets their calculator apart from others is the ability to add multiple miners into the equation. Simply enter the price of each miner, the number of miners you’re purchasing, estimated hash rate, power use and electricity costs. The price of Bitcoin, starting difficulty, difficulty increase and profit ratio should fill in automatically.

Miners who want a more simplified overview can utilize the 

, which calculates 24-hour earnings in BTC and 

 based on hash rate, current prices and pool fee rates. This is a great tool if you want something quick and easy to use.

, offers a very simple Bitcoin mining calculator with a few more advanced options, making it a worthy addition to this list. In addition to clearly displaying a custom estimate for up to 60 months at a time, you can input your initial capital expenses, fixed monthly expenses, hardware appreciation and depreciation over time, the amount of profit you intend to hold over time, and other advanced factors.

 is a simple-to-use crypto mining profitability calculator with several different options. The platform can be used with 26 cryptocurrencies, making it easy for miners to discover profitable altcoins to mine. After inputting the 

 models you’re using, you’ll have the option to see the most profitable altcoins currently or within the last 24 hours.

In addition to providing updated calculations, 2CryptoCalc also tracks a list of the most profitable GPUs on the market. It tracks the average price of the GPU using data from Amazon, eBay and other sources to determine how quickly a new device would pay for itself.

 offers a simplified GPU mining calculator for Ether using data gathered from WhatToMine. Simply select the number of devices you have from the list of 70 popular GPU models and adjust your power costs. The total profit per day and month will automatically update, allowing you to quickly see how changes to your setup will affect profitability. While this calculator is very straightforward and easy to use, it’s limited to Ether. The list of GPU models is also limited, so some users may not find their equipment on the list.

Should You Use Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators?

When it comes to making money with cryptocurrency, time is of the essence. Crypto mining profitability calculators can provide you with the general information you need to quickly build or change your strategy. Even after your initial mining investment, you’ll need to be adaptable if you want to ensure long-term profitability. This means constantly comparing new equipment and assets. Learning how to use at least one of the calculators mentioned above will help save you time researching later.

Are Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators Accurate?

There are several factors that influence the overall profitability of a device. If you’re using a calculator to help you choose between GPUs and mining hardware, these estimates are provided using manufacturer information. Factors such as wear and tear, cooling and internet connection can affect the overall hash rate at which your equipment produces. If you’re mining using a personal computer, multi-tasking of any kind can affect your average hash rate.

Errors are also common on crypto mining profitability calculators. This could be due to user error when inputting hash rate, or the service fetching a slightly outdated asset price. That’s why it’s important to remember that the calculators provide 

 not definitive answers. You’ll still need to conduct research on your own before developing a successful mining strategy.

Crypto mining profitability calculators are a great tool for new and established miners looking to develop reliable strategies and maximize their gains. While some calculators can be complex and have a learning curve, they can quickly provide you with a wealth of information, saving you time in the long run. If you’re planning on changing your mining strategy or investing in new equipment, utilizing at least one calculator to estimate your profitability is a wise choice.

11 Best Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators for Max Gains

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards