Explore this week's key macro trend: the upcoming FOMC meeting, and how it could potentially impact crypto and traditional markets.

Following last year's dovish moves by the US Federal Reserve, which adjusted the target range to 4.25%–4.5%, a potential reduction in interest rates could stimulate the US economy and provide a much-needed boost to both cryptocurrencies and stocks. With the next Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting set for March 19, 2025, investors are watching closely for insights into policymakers' outlook and future plans.

In this article, Bybit explores this week's key macro trend: the upcoming FOMC meeting. But first, let's review 

Last week, key macroeconomic reports in the US included job openings, the Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Core Producer Price Index (PPI).

 232,000 to 7.74 million, hires rose 19,000 to nearly 5.4 million and layoffs declined (for a fourth straight month) to 34,000. Additionally, a revised December 2024 reading showed 7.508 million vacancies, down from the originally reported 7.6 million.

With job openings exceeding forecasts of 7.63 million, the labor market remains resilient despite the Federal Reserve's restrictive monetary policy.

In February, the CPI for core (and all) items 

, slightly below the expected 0.3% increase. On an annual basis, headline inflation reached 2.8% and core inflation hit 3.1%, both 0.1% lower than analysts' forecasts.

This softer-than-expected inflation suggests that price pressures are gradually easing, potentially strengthening the case for a Fed rate cut later this year. However, trade policy uncertainty and tariffs remain key risks.

The PPI, a key measure of pipeline inflation pressures, 

 in February 2025 after jumping 0.6% in January. This was well below the 0.3% increase expected by analysts, suggesting easing cost pressures on producers.

The unexpected 0.1% decline in core PPI (excluding food and energy) further supports this trend, potentially giving the Fed more flexibility in future rate decisions.

Macro events' impact on crypto and equity markets

Following an 8.3% drop on Mar 10, 2025 after the US job openings report, the combined crypto market cap recovered all losses by March 16, closing the week at $2.75 trillion. Bitcoin followed the same trend, gaining 2.35% over seven days, while Ethereum and Solana posted a 7.24% loss and a 2.18% gain, respectively.

Equity and crypto markets moved in the same direction last week. After a sharp decline on March 10, all three major US stock indices — the S&P 500 (SPX), Nasdaq-100 (NDX) and Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJI) — entered a recovery. However, equity markets closed the week lower, with the SPX, NDX and DJI losing 2.29%, 2.46% and 3.09%, respectively.

FOMC Meeting on Mar 19, 2025: What are investors watching for?

The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is widely expected to hold interest rates steady at its meeting on Mar 19, 2025. According to the 

, there’s just a 1% probability of a rate cut, with a 99% chance that the federal funds rate remains at 4.25%–4.5%. 

Fed Chair Jerome Powell has emphasized that inflation remains 

, while the labor market continues to show strength. Given these conditions, policymakers are expected to maintain a cautious stance, waiting for more economic data before adjusting policy.

Although a March rate cut is highly unlikely, investors will focus on signals regarding future policy moves, particularly for the upcoming May and June meetings. The FOMC is set to release updated economic projections, including forecasts for inflation, GDP growth and employment. If these forecasts weaken, the chances of a May rate cut could rise. Powell's press conference will be closely watched for clues about the Fed's timing for potential rate cuts.

While March rate cuts seem to be off the table, a Fed rate cut by June remains a possibility. Based on FedWatch data, there’s an 18% probability of a rate cut in May and a 68.5% chance in June. If the Fed cuts rates in June, there’s a 57.3% probability it will lower the target range to 4.0%–4.25% and an 11.2% chance it will drop to 3.75%–4.0%.

Beyond the immediate rate decision, changes in the Fed's tone will be key. If the Fed expresses less confidence in economic strength, or highlights growing risks from tariffs and fiscal tightening, it could signal a shift toward a more dovish stance. The bond market's reaction will also be crucial, as any shift in the Fed's tone could impact Treasury yields, equities and risk sentiment.

Will Powell pause or slow quantitative tightening (QT)?

Quantitative tightening (QT) is the Fed's process of shrinking its balance sheet by allowing bonds to mature without reinvesting the proceeds. This effectively removes liquidity from financial markets, making borrowing more expensive, and slowing economic activity. The Fed 

 in June 2022 as part of its strategy to combat inflation, complementing interest rate hikes by draining excess liquidity from markets.

 adding uncertainty, some FOMC officials are now considering pausing or slowing QT to prevent liquidity shortages. The Fed has already 

 from financial markets, and continued reductions could strain bank reserves and money markets. If QT persists at its current pace, liquidity risks may emerge as the Treasury refills its Treasury General Account (TGA). A sudden loss of liquidity could disrupt short-term lending markets, forcing the Fed to intervene before financial conditions deteriorate.

Market sentiment is shifting, with Polymarket bettors assigning a 

 of QT ending before May. If Powell signals a slowdown, stocks and cryptocurrencies could benefit from increased liquidity. However, the Fed remains cautious, as an early halt to QT could weaken its inflation-fighting efforts.

March 19 FOMC: A key macro event for financial markets

The Federal Reserve's upcoming March 19 FOMC meeting is a critical event for investors, with markets widely expecting no rate cut, as inflation remains above target and the labor market remains strong.

Meanwhile, last week's economic data showed resilient job openings, softer-than-expected inflation and flat producer prices, signaling a mixed outlook for monetary policy. Additionally, speculation is rising that the Fed may pause or slow quantitative tightening due to debt ceiling concerns. This shift would increase liquidity, potentially boosting risk assets, such as crypto and equities.

Did you know that you can gain exposure to gold, forex and other financial markets via 

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Macro this week: What to expect from the March 19 FOMC meeting

Onchain Labs, in collaboration with The Arbitrum Foundation, is launching a program to accelerate onchain application development on Arbitrum.

Daily top performer — EOS Network (EOS)

The S&P 500 fell 1.07% as tech stocks declined, with Tesla down 5.3%. Investors await the Fed’s policy decision amid trade tensions and recession concerns. Gold hit a record $3,030 as tariffs, Middle East tensions, and Fed rate cut bets drive demand. Markets await the Fed’s policy decision. The Coindesk Indices, which tracks the broader crypto market, fell by 0.41%, with Bitcoin and Ether down by 2.61% and 1.57% in the past 24 hours. Trade these markets and more with up to 500x leverage on Bybit MT5 using this 

Today’s top performer is EOS, up 30.9% after EOS Network unveils Vaulta, a Web3 banking platform bridging crypto and traditional finance.

EOS Network (EOS), launched in 2018, is a fast, cost-effective blockchain for DApps, using Delegated Proof-of-Stake and EOS tokens for governance. It features rapid transactions, flexible smart contracts, and developer-friendly tools for seamless upgrades and execution. EOS Network introduces 

, a Web3 banking platform bridging digital assets and traditional finance. Launching in May 2025, it will support asset tokenization and DeFi solutions, guided by a Banking Advisory Council for compliance and adoption.

Check out the latest prices, charts, and data of 

 with The Arbitrum Foundation, is launching a program to accelerate onchain application development on Arbitrum. As the original builders of Arbitrum, Offchain Labs brings deep technical expertise and user insights to support developers in creating innovative applications. The initiative will provide product and go-to-market support while ensuring fair and equitable project launches. With Arbitrum’s advanced technology and strong developer ecosystem, Onchain Labs aims to drive the next wave of industry-leading applications, with its first project set to debut soon.

Yesterday, BTC spot ETFs saw $9.0 million in outflows, all from non-GBTC funds.

 lets users earn airdrop rewards by buying and staking lvlUSD, a stablecoin backed by USDT and USDC. Providing liquidity to the lvlUSD/USDC pool on Curve boosts XP earnings up to 40x. The program also grants eligibility for the Symbiotic airdrop, offering two rewards in one.

Beginner

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Onchain Labs launches program to accelerate Arbitrum app development

Eclipse merges Ethereum & Solana, using Solana’s SVM for high scalability. With modular design & ZK proofs, it offers fast, low-cost transactions.

 (ETH) network has revolutionized the way we look at blockchain technology. Unfortunately, Ethereum has also suffered from performance issues, due to network congestion and its suboptimal scalability setup. Two approaches to dealing with the blockchain's performance weaknesses took off around 2020 and 2021 — one was active work on alternative blockchain networks that would deliver better scalability and throughput capacity and, in parallel with it, research and development on Ethereum-linked 

The first approach led to the introduction of several high-performance networks, among which 

 (SOL) has stood out, thanks to its excellent throughput capacity of up to 65,000 

 (TPS). In turn, the work on Layer 2 solutions resulted in numerous rollup networks, with 

 (OP) probably the most dominant of these as of 2025. Both Solana and the leading rollups servicing Ethereum feature much lower transaction fees and higher processing capacity compared to Ethereum, the world's premier smart contract chain.

However, Solana isn't directly compatible with Ethereum to leverage the latter's vast ecosystem, while the existing rollups come with their own share of drawbacks — poor compatibility with non-Ethereum environments, inefficient data availability (DA) layers, inflexible validation of cryptographic proofs that accompany transaction data and the lack of parallelized processing.

Eclipse is an Ethereum Layer 2 network that utilizes the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM) to offer a platform compatible with both Solana and Ethereum. Its SVM-powered engine, 

 (TIA)–based DA layer and selective use of 

 (ZK) proofs allow Eclipse to achieve stellar performance characteristics and address the main drawbacks of existing Layer 2 rollups.

 is an Ethereum Layer 2 solution that uses Solana's SVM as its processing engine to achieve greater scalability and throughput capabilities than existing Layer 2 rollups. 

The network also leverages a modular design, outsourcing its data availability (DA) layer to Celestia. Furthermore, Eclipse employs ZK proofs in an otherwise optimistic validation environment to streamline transaction processing in cases where the standard optimistic fraud proofs are challenged. 

All of these properties allow Eclipse to achieve unparalleled performance characteristics by the standards of the Ethereum ecosystem. The platform boasts transaction fees of just $0.0002, and can theoretically scale up to 65,000 TPS, the upper limit of the SVM.

Eclipse’s network has implemented the Hyperlane cross-chain protocol, allowing it to communicate directly with the ecosystems of Solana and Ethereum. As such, it's the first Ethereum-linked rollup that features direct compatibility with the Solana chain. This allows Eclipse to potentially unify the DApp ecosystems of the two major blockchains.

The Eclipse testnet was unveiled in early 2024, and its 

 was launched in November 2024 and operates without a native token of its own, instead using ETH for transaction fees and other operations. Based in San Francisco, California, Eclipse was founded in 2022 by entrepreneur/angel investor Sam Thapaliya and blockchain developer Neel Somani. The project boasts an impressive list of institutional and individual investors that includes Polychain Capital and Anatoly Yakovenko, co-founder of Solana.

What is the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM)?

Eclipse's execution engine is based on Solana's SVM, which features several properties that make it more scalable and adaptable to heavy loads than Ethereum's native virtual machine, the 

. The SVM can handle up to 65,000 TPS, while the realistic throughput observed on Ethereum at its 

There’s been much discussion in the industry about the EVM scaling up to hundreds of thousands of TPS, but these improvements have yet to materialize, and are mostly dependent on utilizing Layer 2 rollups linked to the main chain. A key factor contributing to the SVM's superior throughput capacity is its ability to process multiple transactions in parallel. Unlike the SVM, the EVM engine doesn't support parallelized processing.

Another feature of Eclipse’s SVM is the ability to support programming languages commonly used in the Solana ecosystem — Rust and C. Compared to Solidity, the primary programming language used in EVM environments, Rust and C offer certain advantages in terms of both performance and security.

Like other Layer 2 platforms, Eclipse uses the Ethereum Layer 1 network for transaction settlement. This is where the finality and validity of transactions processed on Layer 2 are confirmed. The use of Layer 1 ensures that Eclipse takes advantage of Ethereum’s well-regarded security.

For end-users, a relevant detail of Eclipse’s settlement is the absence of any platform-specific token to pay for gas. Eclipse utilizes Ether (ETH) as its gas fee currency, and there are plans to introduce a gas fee abstraction mechanism that will let users pay transaction fees in other cryptocurrencies as well, e.g., in the 

Eclipse's execution layer is handled by its SVM. The platform uses a validating bridge to maintain a connection to Ethereum Layer 1, where the final transaction settlement occurs. We noted above that one key reason for Eclipse’s stellar throughput capacity is its SVM, which is capable of parallelized processing. 

Another essential aspect of its execution engine, also supported to a large extent by the parallelized processing, is the ability to smooth out transaction fees on the network via local fee markets, a blockchain mechanism that regulates platform-wide gas fees. Execution engines such as EVM are based on a global fee market system. On EVM-based chains, high demand from one app (e.g., 

) can drastically raise transaction fees for everyone. Eclipse’s SVM solves this problem by using local fee markets — instead of increasing fees across the entire network, only transactions related to the high-demand app are affected.

The DA layer is a critical part of any Layer 2 platform. It ensures that the data needed to verify transactions and execute smart contracts is publicly accessible and available for Layer 1 validators to check. Consistent with its principle of modular blockchain architecture, Eclipse outsources its DA layer to Celestia, a blockchain platform that leases its high-performance DA layer to Layer 2 networks.

In general, the Eclipse chain operates as an optimistic rollup. However, at the same time, the platform uses ZK proofs via the 

 verification provider in cases where validators on Ethereum Layer 1 challenge the standard optimistic fraud proofs. The presentation of ZK validity proofs upon these challenges significantly speeds up the verification process. This combination of optimistic fraud proofs (known for being less computationally intensive than ZK proofs) and ZK proofs during validity disputes ensures that Eclipse can efficiently validate transactions.

 to facilitate the transfer of funds between the Eclipse, Ethereum and Solana blockchains. The platform's native bridge, the 

, is primarily designed for the transfer of assets between Ethereum and Eclipse. Meanwhile, the 

 is the main bridging solution for moving crypto funds between Eclipse, Ethereum and Solana.

Additionally, several other bridges service the Eclipse ecosystem. Some of them focus on transfers between Eclipse and Ethereum, but some can also access other blockchain environments. For instance, the Retro Bridge allows you to move assets between Eclipse and a variety of blockchain platforms, including 

There's also the Hyperlane-powered Stride Bridge, which lets Eclipse users access blockchain ecosystems beyond the major ones. Using the Stride Bridge, Eclipse users can move funds from Celestia and 

 (STRD). The bridge also lists support for network transfers from the Forma blockchain and Ethereum. However, as of the time of this writing on Mar 17, 2025, transfers from these two chains to Eclipse aren’t yet supported.

 is a unified restaking token (URT) launched by Eclipse in partnership with the Nucleus yield generation services provider. It allows users to earn rewards from multiple Ethereum yield-generating protocols. By minting tETH through deposits of eligible 

 tokens (LRTs), users can benefit from diversified risk and reward exposure, with periodic yield increases and the option for redemption at full value on Ethereum or Eclipse.

 (WETH), ether.fi’s weETH, Renzo Protocol’s ezETH, Swell Network’s rswETH, Dinero’s apxETH and Puffer Finance’s pufETH.

 is an Eclipse community-driven game in which users grow "grass" by tapping or bridging assets to Eclipse. By completing app-based boosts, users can increase their grass growth rate. The goal is to feed Turbo, an ever-hungry cow, by maximizing grass growth through bridging various assets like ETH, SOL, TIA and popular 

 USDT and USDC. Solana-based tokens, such as ezSOL, JitoSOL and kySOL, can also be used to grow grass within the game.

, you need to complete a series of tasks — follow Eclipse on X, visit Eclipse’s website, explore its app ecosystem and swap $10 worth of crypto via Umbra, a privacy-focused Ethereum payment protocol. This campaign is valid until Mar 28, 2025, 7AM UTC.

The Eclipse team has come up with something unique within the wider EVM ecosystem: the ability to use Solana's high-performance execution engine adapted for Ethereum, the SVM. It offers numerous advantages over the EVM, including executing transactions in parallel and leveraging local fee markets. At the same time, while the SVM forms the backbone of transaction processing on the chain, Eclipse aims to remain within its general rollup-centric road map, operating primarily as an Ethereum rollup network. 

Besides integrating the SVM into its largely Ethereum-focused platform, Eclipse leverages modular architecture principles, outsourcing its DA layer to Celestia, one of the leading providers of DA services in the 

 industry. All of these architectural choices have resulted in a Layer 2 chain that clearly stands out for its performance in the competitive world of Ethereum rollup solutions.

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Eclipse: The perfect fusion of Ethereum and Solana

Elixir (ELX) is a blockchain platform bridging institutional RWAs to DeFi, offering yield opportunities and liquidity support for decentralized exchanges.

 (RWAs) are one of the hottest topics in 

 setting still comes with its own share of issues. First, asset owners such as investment funds don't have a wide choice of alternatives for securely tokenizing their assets in a compliant way. Secondly, there's a lack of sufficient avenues for the active use of RWAs within DeFi protocols after the assets have been tokenized and brought on-chain.

As a result, many institutional asset owners are still hesitant to use their funds within a blockchain environment. Those brave enough to adopt RWAs by tokenizing their assets on-chain face the reality of limited choices for deriving healthy returns from their investment. 

Due to these factors, RWAs — despite having great promise as a bridge between traditional and web3 finance — are still underutilized within DeFi.

Elixir is a modular blockchain and DeFi-focused platform that aims to make it easy for institutional investors to utilize their RWAs in yield-bearing products on-chain. The platform also acts as a 

, decentralized USD (deUSD), plays a key role in enabling active RWA use for yield and liquidity provision to partner DEXs.

 (ELX) is a blockchain network that facilitates institutional investors' use of RWAs in the DeFi ecosystem and provides liquidity support to DEXs. 

The project features a synthetic stablecoin, deUSD, that’s backed by collateral made up of two crypto assets — USDS and 

 (SKY), formerly known as MakerDAO (MKR), while stETH is a tokenized version of staked Ether (ETH) provided by the 

Elixir enables institutional holders of tokenized RWAs, such as those issued by Securitize and other RWA service providers, to mint deUSD and use it in DeFi while still earning yields from their underlying assets.

Elixir also helps other DEXs by enabling its users to supply liquidity to order book–based exchanges easily. This reduces DEXs' reliance on centralized market makers and allows them to access additional liquidity. Users who provide liquidity earn subsidized APYs, which are either incentivized by Elixir or the DEXs themselves. As of early 2025, Elixir has already been integrated by more than 30 DEX platforms.

The Elixir project was founded in 2022 by Philip Forte and Christopher Gilbert. Its chain launched the first phase of its mainnet operations in October 2024 and held a token generation event (TGE) for its native cryptocurrency, ELX, on Mar 7, 2025.

 (DPoS) consensus model. The project’s documentation states that its network features a highly modular design and high throughput capacity.

To synchronize its work with other DEXs, the network uses exchange feeds, which pull live trading data from these DEXs and send it to Elixir's data aggregators. An aggregator node is then responsible for creating an encrypted database from these feeds and passing it to the chain’s validator and auditor nodes. Then, relay nodes execute trades on DEXs using their API keys, collect order proposals from validators and send them for auditing before final execution.

Elixir's validators secure the network using a DPoS consensus model, whereby users can delegate their funds to a preferred full validator node. The network requires a 66% consensus among its active validator nodes in order to approve transaction blocks.

A validator node needs to have at least 9,000 ELX 

 or delegated to it to earn block rewards. As such, it's important for users to choose a reasonably popular validator in order to ensure they can earn rewards from their delegated funds. For instance, as of the time of this writing (Mar 17, 2025), fewer than 30 Elixir validators have enough funds staked with them to generate rewards.

We noted above that relay nodes send order data for executing transactions on other DEXs for further auditing before the actual execution occurs. Auditors are the 

 responsible for verifying this data before the orders can be placed. In addition to the order data sent by relay nodes, auditors also use the encrypted exchange feed data sent by aggregators.

Auditors use these two critical data sources — the encrypted exchange feed data from aggregators and the order data from relay nodes — to verify and approve the orders for final execution on the participating DEXs.

 that ensures the smooth operation of several key network activities: staking, reward distributions to validators and financial penalties to misbehaving validators, known as slashing.

In the case of disputes or inconsistencies in the network data, the controller and auditors resolve these together, acting as a dispute resolution layer.

deUSD is a synthetic stablecoin introduced by Elixir. Subject to approval via a governance vote, the token will be used for staking, allowing users to earn rewards from protocol fees. The staked version of deUSD, sdeUSD, is an asset that’s used to accrue yields from rewards generated both on Elixir and via its partner DeFi platforms.

Importantly, deUSD is also used to provide liquidity in the form of collateral to participating DEXs. The deUSD stablecoin enables users in the institutional domain, specifically RWA holders, to obtain a sufficiently liquid asset to participate in the wider DeFi ecosystem. According to the project’s documentation, more than ten leading institutional finance organizations have already adopted deUSD for their assets.

deUSD differs from many other stablecoins in that it isn’t collateralized by US dollar reserves. The token’s collateral is made up of Lido’s stETH and Sky Protocol’s USDS. To ensure its stability, deUSD is subject to an 

 adjusting overcollateralization mechanism, the 

When funding rates become negative, the OCF shifts more of deUSD’s collateral into USDS. If the OCF’s value drops too much, it automatically converts its assets into USDS to ensure deUSD’s backing remains intact. Meanwhile, when funding rates become positive, funding rate exposure — that is, the potential gains and costs from holding leveraged positions in 

 contracts — is used to generate additional returns.

During the project’s earlier period of operations, 

 (CEXs) are expected to provide the bulk of liquidity for deUSD and facilitate the token’s minting and redemption. Eventually, the protocol plans to shift more of the backing and liquidity management to decentralized platforms. The minting/redeeming process will be supported by authorized market makers, who will use stETH collateral and engage in basis trading to manage risk.

The Elixir protocol's native token, ELX, is primarily used for governance, staking and stake delegation. Certain rewards, such as 

, can also be distributed in ELX. The token’s total and maximum supply is 1 billion.

The ELX token is available on Bybit’s Spot market as a 

. You can also take advantage of Bybit’s campaign dedicated to the token to grab a share of the 

Under the terms of the campaign, new users can earn ELX rewards by accumulating a deposit volume of at least 200 ELX, or by depositing at least 100 USDT and trading 100 USDT worth of ELX via their first trade. Existing users can also qualify for rewards by trading at least 500 USDT worth of ELX on the Spot market. The campaign is valid till Mar 24, 2025, 9AM UTC.

Bybit also offers two additional ELX airdrop campaigns to its users. One of these is the 

 event. In order to receive your share of the airdrop, just follow these three steps: 

The airdrop is valid till Mar 31, 2025, 10AM UTC.

. Win a share of the 40,000 ELX prize pool by registering for the event, completing specified tasks to earn Lucky Draw tickets and spinning the wheel by using your tickets. You can register for the event until Mar 20, 2025, 12AM UTC, and the Lucky Spin period ends exactly 24 hours after this date.

Additionally, Elixir runs its own reward campaign, 

, that lets you earn Potions, points that help you build power across the platform’s network of participating DEXs. However, note that participation in the Apothecary campaign doesn't guarantee an airdrop of ELX tokens.

Elixir is a relatively new entrant in the DeFi space. The project launched the first phase of its mainnet in October 2024, with the main launch in March 2025. Elixir’s platform aims to address the issue of inflexibility of RWA use 

. The project aims to focus its efforts on larger institutional players, including leading investment funds.

At the same time, while Elixir pursues the ambitious goal of attracting the big players of the financial world via its RWA stream, its second key specialization — liquidity support to DEXs — should provide enough quick wins within the shorter term. With more than 30 DEXs already in Elixir’s ecosystem, it looks like this specialization is already paying dividends. The question now is: Will the push for the top brass of the institutional finance world enjoy similar success? 

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Elixir (ELX): The institutional bridge to DeFi liquidity

Bybit Learn

Crypto

Interested to calculate the profits you can get from crypto mining? Here are the best crypto mining profitability calculators to use for max gains!

 can be an exciting venture, but there are a lot of details you need to consider before jumping in. With a huge variety of innovative 

 on the market and several assets to mine, you need to make sure you’re choosing the most profitable options available. Crypto mining profitability calculators offer miners estimates based on several different factors, enabling them to make faster, more informed decisions. Use this guide to learn more about crypto mining profitability calculators and their uses.

Crypto mining is the process of validating transactions on a 

 network in exchange for a reward. While mining can be completed on personal computers, you’ll need specialized equipment to maximize your profits.

Factors Affecting Crypto Mining Profitability

Mining is a lot more complex than it sounds, and there are several factors that affect overall profitability. While the biggest factor is the equipment you’re using, there are many other things to consider. A crypto mining profitability calculator will account for most of these factors.

 is the amount of power your equipment is generating to complete a blockchain transaction. Hashes are measured per second. For most home computer mining setups, you’ll likely be generating KH/s or kilo (thousands), MH/s or mega (millions), or GH/s or giga (billions) of hashes per second. More specialized equipment will have a higher output and could generate TH/s or tera (trillions), PH/s or peta (quadrillions), or EH/s or exa (quintillions) of hashes per second.

Power consumption is the amount of energy spent to run the mining equipment. This unit is measured in watts (W). Most calculators will pull general information from the equipment manufacturer’s website to calculate this. While the number may seem small, it quickly adds up!

It’s no secret that electricity isn’t cheap. While your exact cost will vary from location to location, you’ll need to find out how much you’re paying per watt in order for the calculator to provide you with an accurate profitability estimate. If you can’t find the price per watt on your electricity bill, check your provider’s website. If you’re hoping to set up a mining location outside of your home, you can conduct extensive research on average electricity prices for each of the areas you’re considering.

The market value of cryptocurrency changes every second. While some cryptocurrencies hold value over time, there’s always the possibility that a value can rise or plummet. Even if you aren’t mining 

 and are focused on Bitcoin, you’ll need to pay close attention to market trends and prices if you want to maximize profitability.

In order to improve the odds that you’ll successfully mine a new block, you might consider joining a mining pool. Whenever a new block is mined by the pool, each participant receives a portion of the reward equal to their contribution. Crypto mining pools collect the power of multiple miners and are hosted by an admin. Joining a mining pool eliminates some of the technical work an individual needs to do in order to become profitable. In exchange for the service, miners will contribute up to 3% of their individual reward to the pool on average.

Network difficulty refers to how hard it is to mine a single block. Typically, the more people mining on a blockchain, the more difficult it becomes to mine a block. For example, in 2009, the 

 a block of Bitcoin was 50 BTC. As more people mine the cryptocurrency, reducing the available number of BTC, the number of BTC rewarded is cut in half (although BTC’s value has grown over time, partly compensating for the 50% reduction). Bitcoin has had several halving events lowering its reward for miners, and it’s estimated that the reward will be 3.125 BTC by 2024. On average, a new Bitcoin is mined every 10 minutes.

As mentioned above, your mining setup will have a huge impact on profitability. While most home computers can run mining software, they aren’t the most effective way to make money. You’ll most likely need to invest in a rig and multiple graphics cards or 

. As your setup expands, you’ll also need to consider cooling equipment to optimize performance. If you’re planning on running multiple devices out of your home, you may want to consider adding noise-canceling insulation to the area.

Block reward is the amount you receive whenever you successfully mine a new block. This amount varies greatly from network to network. The amount can also change on a moment’s notice. Many miners compare different blockchain rewards before deciding what to mine long-term. Others invest in a setup that allows them to quickly switch between multiple blockchain networks, enabling them to mine whatever is the most profitable.

How to Calculate Crypto Mining Profitability

Figuring out how profitable your crypto mining venture will be is done by adding up your estimated expenses and then subtracting those from your estimated profits. 

While this can sound simple, it’s important to understand that these are estimates, and can change within seconds. A crypto mining profitability calculator helps to eliminate some of the lengthier calculations, such as how many watts of electricity your setup will use in a day. Not only does this make life easier, but it’s also critical if you need to do fast comparisons to purchase new equipment or switch between blockchains.

What Are Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators?

Crypto mining profitability calculators are tools that estimate the average reward a miner will earn. The calculators use the hash rate the equipment can produce, the amount and cost of the energy it will consume, and other factors to determine an estimate.

Pros of Using Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators

There are several reasons why miners may use calculators to determine profitability. They’re often a necessity for those trying to maximize their gains. Here are a few good reasons to bookmark a reliable profitability calculator.

Quickly See the Most Profitable Blockchain Networks

If you’ve invested in a setup that allows you to quickly switch between networks, you won’t be mining the same thing every day. That’s because the value of each cryptocurrency can change rapidly. Some networks also issue higher block rewards than others. Sometimes, new altcoins are the most profitable to mine. At other times, Bitcoin mining is your best bet. When you develop your mining strategy, you need to be able to see your estimated profits for multiple networks in order to determine where you’re going to focus your efforts.

Identify Changes That Impact Crypto Mining Profitability

Advanced calculators will often display factors such as network difficulty and reward amount. This information is automatically generated for you. Some calculators, such as the specialized ones at 

, even link you to the latest crypto news. This helps you to gain a better understanding of what affects profitability, and can help you decide if you need to change your strategies.

Calculators Save Time When Buying New Equipment

Thinking of purchasing a new graphics card for your rig? Wondering how much more profitable your venture would be if you invested in specialized Bitcoin mining hardware? While a calculator can only use information from the manufacturer’s website, it can still provide you with an estimate of how the new equipment will affect the profitability of your setup. This is incredibly useful, as technology is constantly advancing and many miners are constantly looking for ways to improve their profitability.

Cons of Using Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators

Of course, crypto mining profitability calculators aren’t perfect. While they are a useful tool, there are several downsides to becoming too reliant on them.

It’s Impossible to Account for Everything

There are several factors that calculators consider when providing an estimate. Unfortunately, they cannot account for things like equipment wear and tear. The calculators are also reliant on manufacturer-provided information to provide an estimate. 

If you’re relying on profitability calculators to make estimates for anything longer than a day, you’ll also need to consider possibilities such as internet connectivity issues, power outages and security breaches – all of which will affect your bottom line.

No one truly knows the exact future price of Bitcoin. While mining calculators can provide you with detailed profitability estimates, they typically can’t account for changes in price. This means that it’s impossible to reach 100% accuracy in comparing estimates to see how long it will take you to achieve profitability. The calculator assumes the price of an asset will be the same an hour, day, month or year from now.

While every calculator provides a wealth of information, they aren’t all “new-user friendly.” Only a few calculators offer straightforward information, such as NiceHash’s Bitcoin mining profitability calculator or 

’s Mini Mining Profit Calculator. Others present you with a slew of information — and you’ll need to learn how to use it to your advantage if you want to truly maximize your profits.

Best Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators

If you search for crypto mining profitability calculators, you may be surprised by the number of results you see. While many calculators use the same formulas, they all have different interfaces and features. Some miners even find that they use different profitability calculators for different goals. Following are some of the best crypto mining profitability calculators available.

 is among the most trusted crypto mining profitability calculators. The platform is designed to be very user-friendly, and is geared toward individual investors. New miners wanting to start mining using their personal computers can use the auto detection feature to determine how profitable their CPU and GPU would be for mining. A manual selection option allows users to easily compare devices.

The biggest limitation of NiceHash is that it only displays information in BTC. NiceHash is designed to encourage users to mine Bitcoin with their user-friendly services. You won’t be able to compare your options if you’re planning on switching between Bitcoin and altcoins.

 is among the easiest calculators to use if you already know your average hashing power. Simply select the cryptocurrency you’re planning on mining. You can choose from 

. Then enter in your hashing power, power consumption, electricity costs and pool fee percentages. The calculator will display your estimated profits by day, week, month and year.

The biggest downside of using CryptoCompare is that you need to already have a good understanding of your equipment before you can use it. It’s designed for miners who already know how much power they’re using, as well as their average hash rate. While this is great for established miners wanting to quickly switch between cryptocurrencies, it’s less helpful for people looking to invest in new devices.

, a Canadian publicly traded company, offers a very simple and straightforward Bitcoin mining profitability calculator which accounts for current estimated difficulty and block rewards.t Users then enter their hash rate, BTC/CAD exchange rate, pool fees, hardware costs, power consumption, and costs in CAD. The calculator will then provide a profit estimation by day, week, month and year.

Like CryptoCompare, the CoinSmart calculator is good for providing miners with a general estimate of profitability. The biggest downside is that it’s limited to Bitcoin — and you need to have a lot of information handy in order to make the most out of the calculator. If you’re looking for a Bitcoin mining profitability calculator that’s simple to use and displays results in CAD rather than USD, CryptoCompare is a good choice.

’s greatest features is that they have over 100 different calculators on their website to use. If you’re quickly switching between mining ventures, you can use their calculators to compare profitability. Bitcoin, Ethereum, 

, Ethereum Classic, Litecoin, Monero, Ravencoin, Dash and several other specialized calculators are available. Use the Search function in the left column to find the exact calculator you need.

Like other advanced crypto mining profitability calculators, you’ll need to know your hashing power, pool fees, power usage and other costs to get an accurate profitability estimate. CryptoRival will provide the mining difficulty and block reward information.

In addition to offering profitability estimates, CryptoRival offers real-time price information, news updates, exchange information and more. This can help you better understand the crypto that  you’re mining in order to make a more informed decision about your investment.

 offers several great calculators for miners who want to understand all their options. Like other advanced calculators on this list, you can customize a lot of the values to get a fairly accurate estimate.

The hash rate mining calculator found on their website can have a bit of a learning curve to it but allows miners to quickly compare the profitability of Bitcoin and several altcoins. In addition to Bitcoin, Ethereum, Dogecoin, and Litecoin, CoinWarz displays information for altcoins like Verge, Peercoin, Ravencoin and Horizen.

11 Best Crypto Mining Profitability Calculators for Max Gains

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards

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