Explore this week's key macro trend: the upcoming FOMC meeting, and how it could potentially impact crypto and traditional markets.

Following last year's dovish moves by the US Federal Reserve, which adjusted the target range to 4.25%–4.5%, a potential reduction in interest rates could stimulate the US economy and provide a much-needed boost to both cryptocurrencies and stocks. With the next Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting set for March 19, 2025, investors are watching closely for insights into policymakers' outlook and future plans.

In this article, Bybit explores this week's key macro trend: the upcoming FOMC meeting. But first, let's review 

Last week, key macroeconomic reports in the US included job openings, the Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Core Producer Price Index (PPI).

 232,000 to 7.74 million, hires rose 19,000 to nearly 5.4 million and layoffs declined (for a fourth straight month) to 34,000. Additionally, a revised December 2024 reading showed 7.508 million vacancies, down from the originally reported 7.6 million.

With job openings exceeding forecasts of 7.63 million, the labor market remains resilient despite the Federal Reserve's restrictive monetary policy.

In February, the CPI for core (and all) items 

, slightly below the expected 0.3% increase. On an annual basis, headline inflation reached 2.8% and core inflation hit 3.1%, both 0.1% lower than analysts' forecasts.

This softer-than-expected inflation suggests that price pressures are gradually easing, potentially strengthening the case for a Fed rate cut later this year. However, trade policy uncertainty and tariffs remain key risks.

The PPI, a key measure of pipeline inflation pressures, 

 in February 2025 after jumping 0.6% in January. This was well below the 0.3% increase expected by analysts, suggesting easing cost pressures on producers.

The unexpected 0.1% decline in core PPI (excluding food and energy) further supports this trend, potentially giving the Fed more flexibility in future rate decisions.

Macro events' impact on crypto and equity markets

Following an 8.3% drop on Mar 10, 2025 after the US job openings report, the combined crypto market cap recovered all losses by March 16, closing the week at $2.75 trillion. Bitcoin followed the same trend, gaining 2.35% over seven days, while Ethereum and Solana posted a 7.24% loss and a 2.18% gain, respectively.

Equity and crypto markets moved in the same direction last week. After a sharp decline on March 10, all three major US stock indices — the S&P 500 (SPX), Nasdaq-100 (NDX) and Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJI) — entered a recovery. However, equity markets closed the week lower, with the SPX, NDX and DJI losing 2.29%, 2.46% and 3.09%, respectively.

FOMC Meeting on Mar 19, 2025: What are investors watching for?

The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is widely expected to hold interest rates steady at its meeting on Mar 19, 2025. According to the 

, there’s just a 1% probability of a rate cut, with a 99% chance that the federal funds rate remains at 4.25%–4.5%. 

Fed Chair Jerome Powell has emphasized that inflation remains 

, while the labor market continues to show strength. Given these conditions, policymakers are expected to maintain a cautious stance, waiting for more economic data before adjusting policy.

Although a March rate cut is highly unlikely, investors will focus on signals regarding future policy moves, particularly for the upcoming May and June meetings. The FOMC is set to release updated economic projections, including forecasts for inflation, GDP growth and employment. If these forecasts weaken, the chances of a May rate cut could rise. Powell's press conference will be closely watched for clues about the Fed's timing for potential rate cuts.

While March rate cuts seem to be off the table, a Fed rate cut by June remains a possibility. Based on FedWatch data, there’s an 18% probability of a rate cut in May and a 68.5% chance in June. If the Fed cuts rates in June, there’s a 57.3% probability it will lower the target range to 4.0%–4.25% and an 11.2% chance it will drop to 3.75%–4.0%.

Beyond the immediate rate decision, changes in the Fed's tone will be key. If the Fed expresses less confidence in economic strength, or highlights growing risks from tariffs and fiscal tightening, it could signal a shift toward a more dovish stance. The bond market's reaction will also be crucial, as any shift in the Fed's tone could impact Treasury yields, equities and risk sentiment.

Will Powell pause or slow quantitative tightening (QT)?

Quantitative tightening (QT) is the Fed's process of shrinking its balance sheet by allowing bonds to mature without reinvesting the proceeds. This effectively removes liquidity from financial markets, making borrowing more expensive, and slowing economic activity. The Fed 

 in June 2022 as part of its strategy to combat inflation, complementing interest rate hikes by draining excess liquidity from markets.

 adding uncertainty, some FOMC officials are now considering pausing or slowing QT to prevent liquidity shortages. The Fed has already 

 from financial markets, and continued reductions could strain bank reserves and money markets. If QT persists at its current pace, liquidity risks may emerge as the Treasury refills its Treasury General Account (TGA). A sudden loss of liquidity could disrupt short-term lending markets, forcing the Fed to intervene before financial conditions deteriorate.

Market sentiment is shifting, with Polymarket bettors assigning a 

 of QT ending before May. If Powell signals a slowdown, stocks and cryptocurrencies could benefit from increased liquidity. However, the Fed remains cautious, as an early halt to QT could weaken its inflation-fighting efforts.

March 19 FOMC: A key macro event for financial markets

The Federal Reserve's upcoming March 19 FOMC meeting is a critical event for investors, with markets widely expecting no rate cut, as inflation remains above target and the labor market remains strong.

Meanwhile, last week's economic data showed resilient job openings, softer-than-expected inflation and flat producer prices, signaling a mixed outlook for monetary policy. Additionally, speculation is rising that the Fed may pause or slow quantitative tightening due to debt ceiling concerns. This shift would increase liquidity, potentially boosting risk assets, such as crypto and equities.

Did you know that you can gain exposure to gold, forex and other financial markets via 

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Macro this week: What to expect from the March 19 FOMC meeting

Onchain Labs, in collaboration with The Arbitrum Foundation, is launching a program to accelerate onchain application development on Arbitrum.

Daily top performer — EOS Network (EOS)

The S&P 500 fell 1.07% as tech stocks declined, with Tesla down 5.3%. Investors await the Fed’s policy decision amid trade tensions and recession concerns. Gold hit a record $3,030 as tariffs, Middle East tensions, and Fed rate cut bets drive demand. Markets await the Fed’s policy decision. The Coindesk Indices, which tracks the broader crypto market, fell by 0.41%, with Bitcoin and Ether down by 2.61% and 1.57% in the past 24 hours. Trade these markets and more with up to 500x leverage on Bybit MT5 using this 

Today’s top performer is EOS, up 30.9% after EOS Network unveils Vaulta, a Web3 banking platform bridging crypto and traditional finance.

EOS Network (EOS), launched in 2018, is a fast, cost-effective blockchain for DApps, using Delegated Proof-of-Stake and EOS tokens for governance. It features rapid transactions, flexible smart contracts, and developer-friendly tools for seamless upgrades and execution. EOS Network introduces 

, a Web3 banking platform bridging digital assets and traditional finance. Launching in May 2025, it will support asset tokenization and DeFi solutions, guided by a Banking Advisory Council for compliance and adoption.

Check out the latest prices, charts, and data of 

 with The Arbitrum Foundation, is launching a program to accelerate onchain application development on Arbitrum. As the original builders of Arbitrum, Offchain Labs brings deep technical expertise and user insights to support developers in creating innovative applications. The initiative will provide product and go-to-market support while ensuring fair and equitable project launches. With Arbitrum’s advanced technology and strong developer ecosystem, Onchain Labs aims to drive the next wave of industry-leading applications, with its first project set to debut soon.

Yesterday, BTC spot ETFs saw $9.0 million in outflows, all from non-GBTC funds.

 lets users earn airdrop rewards by buying and staking lvlUSD, a stablecoin backed by USDT and USDC. Providing liquidity to the lvlUSD/USDC pool on Curve boosts XP earnings up to 40x. The program also grants eligibility for the Symbiotic airdrop, offering two rewards in one.

Beginner

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Onchain Labs launches program to accelerate Arbitrum app development

Eclipse merges Ethereum & Solana, using Solana’s SVM for high scalability. With modular design & ZK proofs, it offers fast, low-cost transactions.

 (ETH) network has revolutionized the way we look at blockchain technology. Unfortunately, Ethereum has also suffered from performance issues, due to network congestion and its suboptimal scalability setup. Two approaches to dealing with the blockchain's performance weaknesses took off around 2020 and 2021 — one was active work on alternative blockchain networks that would deliver better scalability and throughput capacity and, in parallel with it, research and development on Ethereum-linked 

The first approach led to the introduction of several high-performance networks, among which 

 (SOL) has stood out, thanks to its excellent throughput capacity of up to 65,000 

 (TPS). In turn, the work on Layer 2 solutions resulted in numerous rollup networks, with 

 (OP) probably the most dominant of these as of 2025. Both Solana and the leading rollups servicing Ethereum feature much lower transaction fees and higher processing capacity compared to Ethereum, the world's premier smart contract chain.

However, Solana isn't directly compatible with Ethereum to leverage the latter's vast ecosystem, while the existing rollups come with their own share of drawbacks — poor compatibility with non-Ethereum environments, inefficient data availability (DA) layers, inflexible validation of cryptographic proofs that accompany transaction data and the lack of parallelized processing.

Eclipse is an Ethereum Layer 2 network that utilizes the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM) to offer a platform compatible with both Solana and Ethereum. Its SVM-powered engine, 

 (TIA)–based DA layer and selective use of 

 (ZK) proofs allow Eclipse to achieve stellar performance characteristics and address the main drawbacks of existing Layer 2 rollups.

 is an Ethereum Layer 2 solution that uses Solana's SVM as its processing engine to achieve greater scalability and throughput capabilities than existing Layer 2 rollups. 

The network also leverages a modular design, outsourcing its data availability (DA) layer to Celestia. Furthermore, Eclipse employs ZK proofs in an otherwise optimistic validation environment to streamline transaction processing in cases where the standard optimistic fraud proofs are challenged. 

All of these properties allow Eclipse to achieve unparalleled performance characteristics by the standards of the Ethereum ecosystem. The platform boasts transaction fees of just $0.0002, and can theoretically scale up to 65,000 TPS, the upper limit of the SVM.

Eclipse’s network has implemented the Hyperlane cross-chain protocol, allowing it to communicate directly with the ecosystems of Solana and Ethereum. As such, it's the first Ethereum-linked rollup that features direct compatibility with the Solana chain. This allows Eclipse to potentially unify the DApp ecosystems of the two major blockchains.

The Eclipse testnet was unveiled in early 2024, and its 

 was launched in November 2024 and operates without a native token of its own, instead using ETH for transaction fees and other operations. Based in San Francisco, California, Eclipse was founded in 2022 by entrepreneur/angel investor Sam Thapaliya and blockchain developer Neel Somani. The project boasts an impressive list of institutional and individual investors that includes Polychain Capital and Anatoly Yakovenko, co-founder of Solana.

What is the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM)?

Eclipse's execution engine is based on Solana's SVM, which features several properties that make it more scalable and adaptable to heavy loads than Ethereum's native virtual machine, the 

. The SVM can handle up to 65,000 TPS, while the realistic throughput observed on Ethereum at its 

There’s been much discussion in the industry about the EVM scaling up to hundreds of thousands of TPS, but these improvements have yet to materialize, and are mostly dependent on utilizing Layer 2 rollups linked to the main chain. A key factor contributing to the SVM's superior throughput capacity is its ability to process multiple transactions in parallel. Unlike the SVM, the EVM engine doesn't support parallelized processing.

Another feature of Eclipse’s SVM is the ability to support programming languages commonly used in the Solana ecosystem — Rust and C. Compared to Solidity, the primary programming language used in EVM environments, Rust and C offer certain advantages in terms of both performance and security.

Like other Layer 2 platforms, Eclipse uses the Ethereum Layer 1 network for transaction settlement. This is where the finality and validity of transactions processed on Layer 2 are confirmed. The use of Layer 1 ensures that Eclipse takes advantage of Ethereum’s well-regarded security.

For end-users, a relevant detail of Eclipse’s settlement is the absence of any platform-specific token to pay for gas. Eclipse utilizes Ether (ETH) as its gas fee currency, and there are plans to introduce a gas fee abstraction mechanism that will let users pay transaction fees in other cryptocurrencies as well, e.g., in the 

Eclipse's execution layer is handled by its SVM. The platform uses a validating bridge to maintain a connection to Ethereum Layer 1, where the final transaction settlement occurs. We noted above that one key reason for Eclipse’s stellar throughput capacity is its SVM, which is capable of parallelized processing. 

Another essential aspect of its execution engine, also supported to a large extent by the parallelized processing, is the ability to smooth out transaction fees on the network via local fee markets, a blockchain mechanism that regulates platform-wide gas fees. Execution engines such as EVM are based on a global fee market system. On EVM-based chains, high demand from one app (e.g., 

) can drastically raise transaction fees for everyone. Eclipse’s SVM solves this problem by using local fee markets — instead of increasing fees across the entire network, only transactions related to the high-demand app are affected.

The DA layer is a critical part of any Layer 2 platform. It ensures that the data needed to verify transactions and execute smart contracts is publicly accessible and available for Layer 1 validators to check. Consistent with its principle of modular blockchain architecture, Eclipse outsources its DA layer to Celestia, a blockchain platform that leases its high-performance DA layer to Layer 2 networks.

In general, the Eclipse chain operates as an optimistic rollup. However, at the same time, the platform uses ZK proofs via the 

 verification provider in cases where validators on Ethereum Layer 1 challenge the standard optimistic fraud proofs. The presentation of ZK validity proofs upon these challenges significantly speeds up the verification process. This combination of optimistic fraud proofs (known for being less computationally intensive than ZK proofs) and ZK proofs during validity disputes ensures that Eclipse can efficiently validate transactions.

 to facilitate the transfer of funds between the Eclipse, Ethereum and Solana blockchains. The platform's native bridge, the 

, is primarily designed for the transfer of assets between Ethereum and Eclipse. Meanwhile, the 

 is the main bridging solution for moving crypto funds between Eclipse, Ethereum and Solana.

Additionally, several other bridges service the Eclipse ecosystem. Some of them focus on transfers between Eclipse and Ethereum, but some can also access other blockchain environments. For instance, the Retro Bridge allows you to move assets between Eclipse and a variety of blockchain platforms, including 

There's also the Hyperlane-powered Stride Bridge, which lets Eclipse users access blockchain ecosystems beyond the major ones. Using the Stride Bridge, Eclipse users can move funds from Celestia and 

 (STRD). The bridge also lists support for network transfers from the Forma blockchain and Ethereum. However, as of the time of this writing on Mar 17, 2025, transfers from these two chains to Eclipse aren’t yet supported.

 is a unified restaking token (URT) launched by Eclipse in partnership with the Nucleus yield generation services provider. It allows users to earn rewards from multiple Ethereum yield-generating protocols. By minting tETH through deposits of eligible 

 tokens (LRTs), users can benefit from diversified risk and reward exposure, with periodic yield increases and the option for redemption at full value on Ethereum or Eclipse.

 (WETH), ether.fi’s weETH, Renzo Protocol’s ezETH, Swell Network’s rswETH, Dinero’s apxETH and Puffer Finance’s pufETH.

 is an Eclipse community-driven game in which users grow "grass" by tapping or bridging assets to Eclipse. By completing app-based boosts, users can increase their grass growth rate. The goal is to feed Turbo, an ever-hungry cow, by maximizing grass growth through bridging various assets like ETH, SOL, TIA and popular 

 USDT and USDC. Solana-based tokens, such as ezSOL, JitoSOL and kySOL, can also be used to grow grass within the game.

, you need to complete a series of tasks — follow Eclipse on X, visit Eclipse’s website, explore its app ecosystem and swap $10 worth of crypto via Umbra, a privacy-focused Ethereum payment protocol. This campaign is valid until Mar 28, 2025, 7AM UTC.

The Eclipse team has come up with something unique within the wider EVM ecosystem: the ability to use Solana's high-performance execution engine adapted for Ethereum, the SVM. It offers numerous advantages over the EVM, including executing transactions in parallel and leveraging local fee markets. At the same time, while the SVM forms the backbone of transaction processing on the chain, Eclipse aims to remain within its general rollup-centric road map, operating primarily as an Ethereum rollup network. 

Besides integrating the SVM into its largely Ethereum-focused platform, Eclipse leverages modular architecture principles, outsourcing its DA layer to Celestia, one of the leading providers of DA services in the 

 industry. All of these architectural choices have resulted in a Layer 2 chain that clearly stands out for its performance in the competitive world of Ethereum rollup solutions.

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Eclipse: The perfect fusion of Ethereum and Solana

Elixir (ELX) is a blockchain platform bridging institutional RWAs to DeFi, offering yield opportunities and liquidity support for decentralized exchanges.

 (RWAs) are one of the hottest topics in 

 setting still comes with its own share of issues. First, asset owners such as investment funds don't have a wide choice of alternatives for securely tokenizing their assets in a compliant way. Secondly, there's a lack of sufficient avenues for the active use of RWAs within DeFi protocols after the assets have been tokenized and brought on-chain.

As a result, many institutional asset owners are still hesitant to use their funds within a blockchain environment. Those brave enough to adopt RWAs by tokenizing their assets on-chain face the reality of limited choices for deriving healthy returns from their investment. 

Due to these factors, RWAs — despite having great promise as a bridge between traditional and web3 finance — are still underutilized within DeFi.

Elixir is a modular blockchain and DeFi-focused platform that aims to make it easy for institutional investors to utilize their RWAs in yield-bearing products on-chain. The platform also acts as a 

, decentralized USD (deUSD), plays a key role in enabling active RWA use for yield and liquidity provision to partner DEXs.

 (ELX) is a blockchain network that facilitates institutional investors' use of RWAs in the DeFi ecosystem and provides liquidity support to DEXs. 

The project features a synthetic stablecoin, deUSD, that’s backed by collateral made up of two crypto assets — USDS and 

 (SKY), formerly known as MakerDAO (MKR), while stETH is a tokenized version of staked Ether (ETH) provided by the 

Elixir enables institutional holders of tokenized RWAs, such as those issued by Securitize and other RWA service providers, to mint deUSD and use it in DeFi while still earning yields from their underlying assets.

Elixir also helps other DEXs by enabling its users to supply liquidity to order book–based exchanges easily. This reduces DEXs' reliance on centralized market makers and allows them to access additional liquidity. Users who provide liquidity earn subsidized APYs, which are either incentivized by Elixir or the DEXs themselves. As of early 2025, Elixir has already been integrated by more than 30 DEX platforms.

The Elixir project was founded in 2022 by Philip Forte and Christopher Gilbert. Its chain launched the first phase of its mainnet operations in October 2024 and held a token generation event (TGE) for its native cryptocurrency, ELX, on Mar 7, 2025.

 (DPoS) consensus model. The project’s documentation states that its network features a highly modular design and high throughput capacity.

To synchronize its work with other DEXs, the network uses exchange feeds, which pull live trading data from these DEXs and send it to Elixir's data aggregators. An aggregator node is then responsible for creating an encrypted database from these feeds and passing it to the chain’s validator and auditor nodes. Then, relay nodes execute trades on DEXs using their API keys, collect order proposals from validators and send them for auditing before final execution.

Elixir's validators secure the network using a DPoS consensus model, whereby users can delegate their funds to a preferred full validator node. The network requires a 66% consensus among its active validator nodes in order to approve transaction blocks.

A validator node needs to have at least 9,000 ELX 

 or delegated to it to earn block rewards. As such, it's important for users to choose a reasonably popular validator in order to ensure they can earn rewards from their delegated funds. For instance, as of the time of this writing (Mar 17, 2025), fewer than 30 Elixir validators have enough funds staked with them to generate rewards.

We noted above that relay nodes send order data for executing transactions on other DEXs for further auditing before the actual execution occurs. Auditors are the 

 responsible for verifying this data before the orders can be placed. In addition to the order data sent by relay nodes, auditors also use the encrypted exchange feed data sent by aggregators.

Auditors use these two critical data sources — the encrypted exchange feed data from aggregators and the order data from relay nodes — to verify and approve the orders for final execution on the participating DEXs.

 that ensures the smooth operation of several key network activities: staking, reward distributions to validators and financial penalties to misbehaving validators, known as slashing.

In the case of disputes or inconsistencies in the network data, the controller and auditors resolve these together, acting as a dispute resolution layer.

deUSD is a synthetic stablecoin introduced by Elixir. Subject to approval via a governance vote, the token will be used for staking, allowing users to earn rewards from protocol fees. The staked version of deUSD, sdeUSD, is an asset that’s used to accrue yields from rewards generated both on Elixir and via its partner DeFi platforms.

Importantly, deUSD is also used to provide liquidity in the form of collateral to participating DEXs. The deUSD stablecoin enables users in the institutional domain, specifically RWA holders, to obtain a sufficiently liquid asset to participate in the wider DeFi ecosystem. According to the project’s documentation, more than ten leading institutional finance organizations have already adopted deUSD for their assets.

deUSD differs from many other stablecoins in that it isn’t collateralized by US dollar reserves. The token’s collateral is made up of Lido’s stETH and Sky Protocol’s USDS. To ensure its stability, deUSD is subject to an 

 adjusting overcollateralization mechanism, the 

When funding rates become negative, the OCF shifts more of deUSD’s collateral into USDS. If the OCF’s value drops too much, it automatically converts its assets into USDS to ensure deUSD’s backing remains intact. Meanwhile, when funding rates become positive, funding rate exposure — that is, the potential gains and costs from holding leveraged positions in 

 contracts — is used to generate additional returns.

During the project’s earlier period of operations, 

 (CEXs) are expected to provide the bulk of liquidity for deUSD and facilitate the token’s minting and redemption. Eventually, the protocol plans to shift more of the backing and liquidity management to decentralized platforms. The minting/redeeming process will be supported by authorized market makers, who will use stETH collateral and engage in basis trading to manage risk.

The Elixir protocol's native token, ELX, is primarily used for governance, staking and stake delegation. Certain rewards, such as 

, can also be distributed in ELX. The token’s total and maximum supply is 1 billion.

The ELX token is available on Bybit’s Spot market as a 

. You can also take advantage of Bybit’s campaign dedicated to the token to grab a share of the 

Under the terms of the campaign, new users can earn ELX rewards by accumulating a deposit volume of at least 200 ELX, or by depositing at least 100 USDT and trading 100 USDT worth of ELX via their first trade. Existing users can also qualify for rewards by trading at least 500 USDT worth of ELX on the Spot market. The campaign is valid till Mar 24, 2025, 9AM UTC.

Bybit also offers two additional ELX airdrop campaigns to its users. One of these is the 

 event. In order to receive your share of the airdrop, just follow these three steps: 

The airdrop is valid till Mar 31, 2025, 10AM UTC.

. Win a share of the 40,000 ELX prize pool by registering for the event, completing specified tasks to earn Lucky Draw tickets and spinning the wheel by using your tickets. You can register for the event until Mar 20, 2025, 12AM UTC, and the Lucky Spin period ends exactly 24 hours after this date.

Additionally, Elixir runs its own reward campaign, 

, that lets you earn Potions, points that help you build power across the platform’s network of participating DEXs. However, note that participation in the Apothecary campaign doesn't guarantee an airdrop of ELX tokens.

Elixir is a relatively new entrant in the DeFi space. The project launched the first phase of its mainnet in October 2024, with the main launch in March 2025. Elixir’s platform aims to address the issue of inflexibility of RWA use 

. The project aims to focus its efforts on larger institutional players, including leading investment funds.

At the same time, while Elixir pursues the ambitious goal of attracting the big players of the financial world via its RWA stream, its second key specialization — liquidity support to DEXs — should provide enough quick wins within the shorter term. With more than 30 DEXs already in Elixir’s ecosystem, it looks like this specialization is already paying dividends. The question now is: Will the push for the top brass of the institutional finance world enjoy similar success? 

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Elixir (ELX): The institutional bridge to DeFi liquidity

Trading

The bull and bear markets are more than trend lines. Read on to find out their differences and the best time to enter the market.

How-to-Use-Bullish-and-Bearish-Harami-Candle-to-Find-Trend-Reversals.jpg

Understanding the main differences between bullish and bearish markets plays a vital role in our investment portfolio. By knowing each of the market’s main characteristics, we can also create a proper risk management strategy. 

Bullish or bearish trends change market conditions and have a strong influence on traders’ emotions. In recent years, cryptocurrency has been swinging between bear and bull markets, while traders change and adapt their strategies according to the macro trend. 

This guide will go through the main differences between bullish vs. bearish markets. The goal is to understand the anatomy of each of these trends and which patterns we can follow to improve our exposure to risk and digital assets. 

Both bulls and bears are strong animals that are usually linked to aggressiveness and strength, respectively. The

 is related to how these two animals attack their opponents. For example, a bull would rather hit an enemy with its horns moving up and higher. However, a bear tends to swipe his paws downward and pin the opponent on the ground.

That’s interesting, but there’s more…

As these two attacking styles have been clearly defined, financial markets and analysts have started using them to reference different market cycles and macro trends. Understanding how these two terms are coined among financial analysts clarifies how the market directions are interpreted.

What Does a Bullish vs. Bearish Market Mean?

There is a remarkable difference between bullish and bearish markets. In the next section, we will explain how bullish markets and bearish markets work, their characteristics and more. 

 is an upward trend in financial markets where the price of stocks, commodities, cryptocurrencies, or forex move higher. A bull market can also be referenced to the real economy. 

For instance, when cryptocurrencies and stocks move higher, the real economy is also producing and expanding. During the general bull market phase, people tend to spend more. Companies search for new investment opportunities or expand their products and services. 

When we talk about cryptocurrencies, we see decentralized platforms attracting many users. Transaction fees become higher and transfers take longer to be processed. This shows there is a large activity in the crypto space. 

During bullish markets, investors tend to make more money in the financial market. As long as they have a clear risk management strategy, it is highly probable they could register profits during bullish markets. 

Is registering profits as easy as it sounds?

No. It is not easy to trade. Indeed, bullish markets tend to have corrections along the way to the top. These corrections usually help to take out investors from the bullish market. The investors that sell during bullish markets are called “weak hands.” Strong hands, instead, increase their positions when a dip takes place. 

As bull markets represent positive trends, bearish trends show negative trends in stocks, cryptocurrencies, or other financial markets. 

When we talk about the bearish trend in a real economy, it refers to situations in which companies are winding down, employees are laid off and investment plans are postponed for the future. In the crypto market, we might not see

 registering new users, while trading volume falls and general interest for the market fades away.  

Bearish markets drive the price of assets lower. During bearish markets, volatility grows and investors manage increased levels of fear, uncertainty and doubt. Nevertheless, during bearish markets, there is still a chance of making money.

Nowadays, several trading platforms offer users the opportunity to open long and short positions. Short positions help traders to make money when the market moves downward. 

The Anatomy of Bullish vs. Bearish Markets

The following two sections will focus on the main characteristics of each of these macro trends. Moreover, there will be an entire description of how to spot bullish and bearish candlestick patterns. 

Characteristics of the Bull and Bear Markets

Bull markets are characterized as being positive trends. Even inexperienced investors can make money just by opening the right position in the growing trend. There is no clear definition of when a stock enters into bullish territory. 

However, we can always use some market data that helps us understand where the market is moving. When assets increase by over 20% in a period of just a few weeks or months, then we could be witnessing the beginning of a more significant trend. 

A confirmation of bull trends can be found by looking at major indices. For example, if we see Bitcoin (BTC), Litecoin (LTC), Ethereum (ETH), and most of the ERC-20 tokens grow for several months, then this would be one of the main characteristics of a bull market. 

Another critical characteristic of bull markets is related to investors’ confidence. When we see crypto Twitter providing extremely high price predictions, we have high chances of being in a bull market. 

But what about bear market characteristics?

The main characteristic of bear markets is falling prices. You could expect Bitcoin and other digital assets to suddenly move lower by over 20% — not in days, but in hours. If the trend stabilizes and continues some days later, then it is highly possible we are in a new bearish trend. 

As we mentioned before, fear, uncertainty and doubt are the main feelings among investors when we have a bearish market. This gives rise to the acronym FUD. It shows investors prefer to stay on the sidelines rather than actively participate in the crypto market. 

Identifying Market Trends With Candlestick Patterns

 that help them open trades when a bull market changes into a bear market, or vice-versa. Candlesticks share a lot of information about the sentiment of investors and can be vital elements for analysts. 

In long-term time frames, candlestick patterns provide valuable information on whether a trend is changing, or if a top or bottom has been reached. Although these candlestick patterns are not bulletproof, they can guide traders in managing their positions. 

Some of the most popular bullish candlestick patterns include the following:

Some of the most popular bearish candlestick patterns include the following:

Trading the Bullish and Bearish Sentiments

To trade bullish and bearish markets, one should follow different indicators. Some of them include the volatility index (VIX), the bullish and bearish percentage index and moving averages. 

, also known as VIX, is an index that measures volatility expectations for the next 30 days. This tool is handy for understanding the market sentiment, including the fear or greed among investors. 

Although the VIX index focuses on traditional financial markets, as the cryptocurrency market becomes more correlated with stocks, it may be possible to draw some conclusions. Analysts should always take different indices into consideration. 

When the value of the VIX grows, there is a high probability the market will fall. The contrary wouldhappens when the VIX moves lower. In the last case, the market would head higher. Nevertheless, this is just one indicator and should be used alongside other analytical tools. 

 is an indicator that can be used to get information about market health. Many analysts and investors have used this breadth indicator. It shows the percentage of stocks on point and figure buy signals. 

The BPI measures the total number of stocks moving higher or lower. In this way, traders can have a clear idea of where the market sentiment is heading. 

The index fluctuates between 0% and 100%. When the indicator is above 50%, we might have a bull market (moving higher). Similarly, when the index is below 50%, then the market is favoring the bears. Overbought and oversold conditions can be seen as soon as the indicator rises above 70% or drops below 30%, respectively. 

An oversold market might be at a point of inflection where bulls could soon appear and change the direction of the trend. An overbought signal could show that bears may take control of the market, or that there could be a pause before the trend resumes. 

 are some of the most utilized technical indicators for trading digital currencies. They are used to smooth price trends and reduce the noise of sudden spikes or price drops, which are very common for cryptocurrencies. 

The most common moving averages used to trade digital assets include the 50-day, 100-day, and 200-day. Buying and selling signals in both bull and bear markets to open or close positions. 

In addition to traditional moving averages, there are also

Actually, they just share different information. EMAs focus on the recent price action rather than on the general trend. EMAs give more importance to how the market has behaved in the short term, rather than using older price data. 

Most of the successful traders in the cryptocurrency market use both indicators. At the same time, when the 50-day, 100-day and 200-day MAs cross, there could be open or closed positions. 

Discovering an inflection point in the market is a difficult thing to do. It requires that traders use different tools that would show similar results. When the market changes from bullish to bearish, it is usually possible to spot a top. 

This top is a price level reached after an increased trading volume, and in a short period of time. As soon as the top is reached it rapidly changes direction. Moreover, if the market tries to move higher again, it will get rejected many times. 

When the trend starts to change, it is helpful to understand whether this is a short-term change or a long-term macro trend. Position traders can open a short position if the market moves from bullish to bearish. 

Short-term traders typically buy and sell the fluctuations that take place on the crypto trading pair they trade. Scalpers might use every single market movement to make profits with these fluctuations. 

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