Velodrome Finance, an AMM built on the Superchain network, aims to offer marketplace features from Convex and Uniswap in one convenient place. Learn more here.

 finance fields right now is liquidity provision. There are all sorts of 

 looking for ways to sell liquidity to markets while providing profits for their own community members. Velodrome hopes to break free from the pack and beat its competitors with its uniquely user-focused experience. This liquidity provision service boasts a helpful combination of decentralization, user incentivization and user-led governance. To learn more about Velodrome's features and see how its token is performing, keep reading this guide.

 is an automated market maker (AMM) built on the 

 network that aims to offer marketplace features from Curve Convex and Uniswap in one convenient place. It’s designed to provide liquidity to many other programs while also allowing traders to swap tokens.

The Superchain network is an ecosystem that combines multiple blockchains into one seamless network. Initially launched by the 

 ecosystem, Superchain now has a variety of partners. It works with many Ethereum-based chains, including 

Velodrome Finance’s evolution has involved various stages. The project 

 (DeFi) architect who previously helped to found 

. One of the many features of this DEX was veDAO, a 

A few months after its launch, Solidly's founders parted ways over a disagreement. Initially, this left the future of veDAO up in the air. However, community members banded together and decided to save their system. veDAO took the best parts of the Solidly DEX design and moved it to Optimism. 

Velodrome's main goal is to create a sustainable and user-focused version of other popular liquidity providers, such as Uniswap and Convex for Curve. Unlike many other automated market makers, Velodrome is entirely run by its users. As a DAO, Velodrome encourages users to submit proposals and vote on proposals. By giving users the ability to regulate everything from fees to branding, Velodrome ensures that each participant's opinions are heard.

Velodrome's governance model is also meant to incentivize users to commit to long-term community growth. Unlike some systems that are all about short-term individual profit, Velodrome has incentives that specifically reward those involved in community growth. It believes this design ensures the system has regular users who make decisions that enhance its overall sustainability.

 starts with liquidity providers temporarily placing their tokens in concentrated liquidity pools. Traders then use funds from the liquidity hub to facilitate trading with minimal 

, paying low fees for the privilege. These fees are then transmitted to liquidity providers in the form of VELO emissions. Liquidity providers can choose to lock their VELO tokens, if they wish to join the Velodrome governance model and vote on protocol upgrades. This flywheel cycle has a seven-day timeline. Every week, Velodrome updates its system to recalculate votes, trading fees and VELO emissions. 

Another unique mechanic of Velodrome Finance is its blockchain base. Instead of being built on a single chain, Velodrome is designed to run on the Optimism Superchain network. When operating the liquidity management system, Velodrome doesn't focus on individual liquidity pools based on a token's home chain. Instead, its protocol router evaluates multiple types of liquidity pools to automatically select the one with the most efficient prices and optimal trade execution routes.

Velodrome is a fairly focused AMM. Instead of providing a wide range of services, it prioritizes doing an excellent job at just a few things. 

Velodrome's swapping service lets traders exchange one type of coin for another. It currently supports a broad range of coins, both on and off the Optimism Superchain network. This form of trading has many uses, ranging from portfolio management to profiting from market changes. Velodrome's convenient three-step system simply requires users to link their wallets, choose their desired tokens and approve their fee quotes before swapping.

Velodrome offers concentrated liquidity pools that help DEXs function properly. In exchange for these services, liquidity providers on Velodrome earn financial rewards. For many investors, participating in a liquidity hub is a way to 

 on tokens they don't yet want to sell. Velodrome's ability to provide deep liquidity is so popular that it's the primary liquidity hub on the Superchain.

Velodrome has changed a lot since its early days as a token-swapping system, gradually adding features like decentralization, dynamic fees and a 

 (DApp) interface. Its long-term future will depend upon the changes its DAO votes on. However, there are already 

 currently in the works. In 2025, Velodrome plans to add more dynamic pricing options, additional governance methods, Superchain-based voting and bridgeless Superchain swaps.

The Velodrome ecosystem relies on the following two tokens to function properly.

 – based token that’s used for fees and liquidity provision. You can obtain VELO either by purchasing it directly through the market, or by contributing to liquidity pools and receiving VELO liquidity incentives.

If desired, users can lock their VELO tokens in order to receive veVELO, an ERC-721 governance token that exists as an NFT. The amount of veVELO you receive for your VELO is in part directly proportional to the amount of time you choose to lock your tokens. People who hold veVELO can submit and vote on community proposals for the Velodrome platform.

The VELO utility token has a circulating supply of roughly 900 million, with plans to unlock more tokens in the future. These 

The VELO token was initially selling for around $0.04. However, after the project’s DAO adapted its platform from Solidly to Velodrome, token prices took off. In April 2023, March 2024 and December 2024, VELO token prices spiked. While the VELO token price is down from its all-time high of $0.42, it’s still sitting in the $0.10–$0.20 range. 

This pricing pattern seems likely to persist for a while. Binance 

 will reach an average price of around $0.17 in 2025. However, other price predictors are even more optimistic, with CoinCodex suggesting there will be a price jump in February 2025, resulting in yearly average prices of around 

Looking to trade Velodrome tokens? Bybit now offers the VELODROMEUSDT Perpetual contract. To get started, you’ll first need to create a Bybit account, then fund it with cryptocurrency and navigate to the 

Velodrome has plenty of competitors in the liquidity management field, but several factors make its token a good investment. First of all, the VELO utility token has been around for quite a while. This stability makes it more reliable than tokens that were just recently added to the market. Secondly, VELO has a history of sharp price increases; the token is highly responsive to positive press and market upturns, so there's a chance for high prices. Finally, Velodrome is performing well, and Its partnership with the Optimism ecosystem has helped it attract users.

Nevertheless, any crypto token features some volatility in its price. For example, a DAO voting for abnormally low fees could cause sudden price downturns. If you want to invest in the VELO token, make sure to 

. As with any other medium-risk token, VELO isn't reliable enough to be the only asset in your entire investment portfolio.

Velodrome has done a great job of transitioning from a DeFi tool to its own standalone liquidity provision system. By functioning as the primary liquidity hub on Superchain, Velodrome provides minimal slippage, deep liquidity and reasonable trading fees. Furthermore, its liquidity incentives appeal to a wide variety of users and help keep the system running. Ultimately, the Velodrome platform and the VELO token have a lot to offer to the world of decentralized finance.

Intermediate

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Velodrome Finance (VELO): A Liquidity Hub for the Superchain

Our monthly report delves into insights from options volatility to inspire your next crypto move.

Following the significant expiration of contracts on Dec 27, 2024, and despite the largest single-day expiration in crypto derivatives history, the anticipated spike in volatility did not materialize. Instead, the realized volatility of BTC, ETH and SOL declined, defying expectations. Key takeaways include the following:

Please check out the report’s highlights.

Market Dynamics Post-Expiration in December 2024

Although the December 27 expiration saw over $435 million in contracts expire, the actual market response was muted. Only $65.53 million of BTC options expired 

 (ITM), indicating that the majority of significant contracts expired worthless. The clustering of ITM puts and calls at high strike levels (between $70K and $105K) highlighted the lack of significant hedging activity that typically drives volatility during expiration events.

As a result, realized volatility for BTC, ETH and SOL fell, with the most notable declines observed in the days following the expiration. This trend reflects a market environment in which sophisticated trading strategies haven’t led to the anticipated volatility spikes, indicating a cautious sentiment among traders.

Could $100K Hold This Time? — and Volatility Premiums

Despite the lack of immediate volatility following the expiration, forward-looking volatility expectations for 2025 remain elevated. Implied volatility levels for BTC and ETH have traded sideways, but the premium over realized volatility is at its highest since before the Nov 5, 2024 U.S. elections, suggesting traders are preparing for potential future price swings.

The term structure of implied volatility indicates a stable demand for short-term options, even as the market navigates a quieter winter. Meanwhile, the return to BTC prices above $100K hasn’t seen the same level of inversion in term structure as previous rallies, suggesting a less aggressive market stance. However, a bullish call-skew in shorter-tenor volatility smiles indicates ongoing optimism among traders regarding potential price movements in the near future.

Advanced

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Bybit X Block Scholes Option Volatility Report (January 2025): Reflections From Year-End Expirations; Will $100K Hold This Time?

Discover Rifampicin (RIF), a Solana-based token merging decentralized science with longevity research on Pump.science. Explore live experiments, gamified funding and predictions.

Rifampicin (RIF) is the gamified compound token for the Rifampicin experiment, representing longevity research conducted with the compound Rifampicin. As part of the 

 (DeSci) movement spearheaded by Molecule and 

, RIF is connected to the Pump.science platform, which leverages blockchain’s decentralized nature to democratize access to research and innovation.

This guide explores what Pump.science is, the RIF token (including its launch and trading) and the way Pump.science seeks to address critical challenges within longevity research.

 highlights three core challenges in developing life-extending interventions.

Traditional research, such as that conducted through human and mouse trials, is often slow and expensive. With more potential drug molecules than atoms in the universe, high-throughput methods are essential. Pump.science leverages blockchain and gamification to balance speed, cost and quality, accelerating discoveries while maintaining data integrity.

 is a blockchain-based research protocol that democratizes the process of conducting and funding scientific experiments, with a focus on longevity research. By breaking down barriers to scientific innovation, Pump.science fosters a more inclusive and creative environment for discoveries.

The platform allows users to propose longevity-focused drug regimens, test them on experimental platforms such as 

 (with plans to expand to other models) and retain ownership of the resulting intellectual property (IP). Results are transparently shared for community review and collaboration.

Think of it as a virtual arena for scientific experimentation, in which regimens compete to extend lifespans. The Colosseum is now a petri dish, the gladiators are microscopic organisms and their weapons are cutting-edge longevity strategies.

How Pump.science Aims to Solve the Longevity Trilemma

Pump.science uses tools such as WormBot to gamify research, creating a Percentage Life Extension (PLE) score as a benchmark for success. Here’s how the basic process works:

This approach reduces research costs, democratizes participation and introduces a transparent, collaborative system for scientific advancement.

Pump.science is a blockchain-based platform that decentralizes and funds longevity research through gamified experimentation. Its process includes the following steps:

This milestone-driven approach combines accessible funding with transparent experimentation, enabling a collaborative and efficient path to discovering effective longevity compounds.

Pump.science integrates decentralized funding with structured, milestone-based experimentation, ensuring each stage is financially feasible and tied to measurable thresholds, as follows:

These thresholds are informed by extensive analysis of historical trading data on platforms like 

, ensuring alignment between funding goals and realistic market behavior.

Efficient and Transparent Research Funding

This structured funding model reduces reliance on centralized gatekeepers, enabling community-driven innovation and collaboration.

 (RIF) is a token on the Solana blockchain that represents ownership in longevity experiments using the compound Rifampicin. Traditionally an antibiotic, Rifampicin is gaining attention for its potential anti-aging properties. Studies of 

 (worms) suggest Rifampicin enhances cellular defenses against stress and damage, extending lifespan by maintaining protein quality and reducing oxidative stress.

On Pump.science, investors can fund and monitor real-time experiments by using RIF tokens.

The RIF token represents intellectual property and experimental rights for Rifampicin on Pump.science. Participants can trade the token and view data from studies that assess its impact on longevity. Its tokenomics ensure efficient funding, as well as transparency and scalability for advancing scientific discovery.

As trading scales, RIF tokens empower participants to fund and benefit from transformative scientific breakthroughs.

 (FDV) of $42 million, reflecting its total supply of 1 billion tokens. Its price performance indicates its potential, as follows:

Pump.science’s clear and ambitious road map for 2025 indicates that the platform is set to expand its impact on decentralized longevity research.

By integrating RIF tokens and leveraging blockchain for funding and data sharing, Pump.science is transforming longevity research into a collaborative and gamified frontier.

Rifampicin (RIF) is now available to trade as a Bybit Perpetual contract. Trade 

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Rifampicin (RIF): Gamified Decentralized Science

Fuel (FUEL) redefines Ethereum Layer 2 with modular design, parallelized transactions, and developer-friendly tools, enabling scalable, low-cost DApps.

 blockchain solutions have mushroomed over the past few years. As a result, developers have a solution for building efficient, low-cost and scalable 

 (DApps), a phenomenon mainly driven by Ethereum's network congestion, poor scalability and high transaction costs. However, many of these Layer 2 networks continue to suffer from performance issues, albeit not to the extent of 

 network. Some blockchain technicians have attributed such performance limitations to the monolithic nature of these platforms.

Fuel is a Layer 2 solution for the Ethereum blockchain that aims to address these problems by adopting a highly modular design and technical innovations such as parallelized transaction processing. Having started as an 

, one of the first of its kind within the world of Ethereum, Fuel has evolved into a modular, high-performance execution layer designed to help developers build scalable DApps. While offering an efficient, high-performance execution layer, Fuel utilizes Ethereum's own data availability (DA) and 

First introduced in 2020, the Fuel project entered a new era at the tail end of 2024 with the launch of its native token, FUEL, and a sharper focus on providing high-performance execution layer infrastructure.

 (FUEL) is a Layer 2-focused blockchain infrastructure project offering a high-performance modular execution layer while utilizing Ethereum’s Layer 1 DA and consensus layers

.Fuel was initially launched in December 2020 as one of the earliest optimistic rollups for Ethereum. Over the next several years, the project’s team refocused their efforts on delivering a modular, scalable Layer 2 solution with its own execution layer, externalizing the DA and consensus layers.

The result of this new approach is the current Fuel network, sometimes referred to as Fuel V2, which acts as what the project has called an operating system for Ethereum rollups. In essence, Fuel V2 offers developers a convenient and flexible way to launch rollup networks and DApps that leverage Fuel's modular architecture principles — an internal and highly scalable execution layer interacting with Ethereum's DA and consensus layers.

Rollups developed using the Fuel framework will feature significant mutual interoperability, in addition to the core benefits of scalability, low costs and Ethereum-supported security. The project’s team launched the first of these Fuel-powered rollups, Fuel Ignition, in October 2024.

As of early 2025, Fuel is actively building an infrastructural ecosystem to support Fuel Ignition and other Fuel-based rollup networks. For instance, users can already take advantage of the platform's native 

, Fuel Wallet, which lets them interact with DApps based on Fuel-powered rollup networks.

Fuel is also actively working on decentralizing its network to enhance security and performance. While a typical rollup solution uses a single sequencer node, a key network actor responsible for both block-building and proposing blocks to the underlying Layer 1, Fuel separates the roles of the builder and the proposer between distinct nodes. Fuel has already completed Phase 0 of its sequencer decentralization initiative, and operates 12 proposers and a single builder. Phase 1 will introduce multiple builders, along with around 100 proposers. The final stage of decentralization, Phase 2, is envisioned to feature as many as 10,000 sequencer proposers.

Fuel aims to be developer-friendly, and offers blockchain developers a toolbox called 

 to facilitate easy scripting and deployment of 

The project's developer is Fuel Labs, a Vancouver (Canada)–based blockchain development company founded by John Adler and Nick Dodson in 2019.

Fuel-based rollups boast performance and security benefits, thanks to several technological innovations, particularly a modular design, a highly secure 

 address model and parallelized transaction processing.

Fuel's technical advantages are based on architectural modularity. Most other rollups use Ethereum Layer 1 only for consensus, internalizing their execution and DA layers. Sidechains, another popular Layer 2 network type besides rollups, often keep all three blockchain layers under the hood. Such monolithic designs may limit scalability or security — or both.

In contrast, Fuel internally handles only the execution layer, allowing the overall platform to remain highly flexible and adaptable. Some other modular rollups adopt the same approach, but they often outsource their DA layers to partnering DA providers, many of which are small projects with less established security profiles. Fuel, on the other hand, utilizes Ethereum Layer 1 directly for both DA and consensus. Since Ethereum is one of the industry's most secure and decentralized platforms, Fuel's overall modular setup enjoys high levels of security.

Another key security advantage of Fuel stems from its UTXO transaction model. While Ethereum and many Ethereum-linked Layer 2 chains employ an account-based model, Fuel utilizes a UTXO setup in which each network address contains unspent amounts from earlier transactions, and each transfer represents an exchange of these unspent funds. First implemented by 

’s blockchain, UTXO is regarded as more secure than Ethereum's account-based model, particularly with regard to protections from 

Fuel's UTXO model also features another critical performance advantage — namely, support for parallel transaction processing. At runtime, Fuel's processing engine determines which transactions don't overlap, in terms of the addresses and UTXO amounts involved. Non-overlapping transactions are then processed in parallel, delivering significant scalability and throughput advantages.

FuelVM is the platform's processing engine. Fuel's virtual machine (VM) is a register-based system designed to optimize performance and parallelized transaction execution. Register-based VMs are one of the two most popular types of VMs, along with stack-based systems like 

 (EVM). Within a stack-based VM, data is stored in and retrieved from a temporary memory stack during transaction processing. In such systems, data pieces are stored and accessed in a last-in, first-out (LIFO) fashion, creating performance bottlenecks, such as a need for frequent instructions or a lack of direct access.

In contrast, a register-based system such as FuelVM processes data pieces held in registers — separate labeled storage areas. Such a design delivers performance benefits in the form of fewer instructions, enabling a more straightforward implementation of parallelized processing.

Sway is a programming language for writing Fuel-based 

. It's a domain-specific language, adapted to the needs of blockchain developers. Sway is based on Rust, a popular general-purpose programming language that emphasizes performance and concurrent processing. Since Fuel heavily leverages parallelized processing in order to achieve its scalability and throughput benefits, the Rust-based Sway is an optimal language for the Fuel platform's smart contracts.

While Sway has inherited many of Rust's properties, Fuel Labs has specifically adapted it for blockchain-based smart contract development. As such, blockchain development with Sway is typically easier and more efficient than using Rust.

Fuel Ignition is the first rollup network to leverage FuelVM. We noted earlier that Fuel is essentially a high-performance execution layer that developers can leverage to launch custom rollups. Theoretically, many different Ethereum-linked rollup chains can utilize Fuel and become part of the platform's ecosystem. Fuel Ignition represents the first step in this direction.

Fuel Ignition features one-second block times and gas fees that are small fractions of a cent. According to the project's public communications, transaction fees on Fuel Ignition can be lower than $0.0002. The Fuel Ignition Layer 2 chain utilizes Ethereum's DA layer. It optimizes the cost and efficiency of data processing on the underlying Layer 1 through the implementation of 

, an experimental Ethereum feature that uses bundles of data called "blobs," instead of standard transactions.

Fuel Ignition boasts a throughput of over 600 

 (TPS) on the Ethereum DA layer. It also features a high TPS per CPU core, with a throughput of 21,000 TPS per CPU. With parallelized processing and high TPS per core, Fuel Ignition is ideally suited for mass adoption on consumer hardware.

Another distinct feature of Ignition is its nearly universal support for Ethereum and 

 (SOL) native wallets. As of early January 2024, the blockchain already has over 60 live DApps operating on it in areas ranging from 

FuelProver is the platform's hybrid proof-generation solution that combines the features of optimistic fraud proofs and 

. Rollups pass these proofs along with blocks of transactions to the underlying Layer 1 chain to help validate transaction data. Optimistic rollups generally offer lower computational overheads, while ZK-rollups feature greater security. FuelProver is envisioned to combine the benefits of the two rollup types, helping developers integrate Fuel's execution layer into both varieties.

Fuel's native cryptocurrency, FUEL, is an 

 token issued on the Ethereum blockchain in December 2024. One of the token's key functions is to support the project's decentralized sequencer network, which is based on the 

 (PoS) validation method. The network utilizes FUEL to secure its operations via staking and stake delegation. Sequencers are rewarded in FUEL for their transaction processing activity. Other platform users can delegate FUEL to preferred sequencers to earn a share of the rewards.

Developers pay in FUEL to utilize the platform's resources, such as access to DA. Gas fees on the sequencer network are also paid in FUEL tokens.

The FUEL token is also used for Application Specific Sequencing, whereby users can bond their FUEL to a specific DApp and earn staking rewards from that application.

FUEL has a total supply of 10 billion, with an annual supply inflation of 3%. The image below details the token’s distribution:

The Fuel project has announced a genesis airdrop campaign, during which 10% of the FUEL supply (1 billion tokens) will be distributed to more than 200,000 eligible addresses. Recipients include various groups of early adopters, including testnet users, holders of NFTs on Fuel Ignition, those bridging funds to the blockchain, active gas users and open-source code contributors. The airdrop is active between Dec 19, 2024 and Jan 19, 2025.

The FUEL token can be purchased as Spot pair (

) on Bybit. As of Jan 7, 2024, FUEL is trading at $0.067, which is 19.8% lower than its ATH of $0.08375 on Dec 29, 2024 and 78.5% higher than its ATL of $0.03762 on Dec 20, 2024.

Until Jan 14, 2025, 8AM UTC, you have the chance to 

 by embarking on Bybit’s Puzzle Hunt! To earn FUEL rewards, start by registering for the Puzzle Hunt event. Then, collect puzzle pieces either by completing simple daily tasks or receiving the pieces from your friends. If you complete three consecutive puzzle pieces, you can earn achance at a lucky draw to unlock even more FUEL rewards. Additionally, be among the first 600 participants to complete the entire puzzle, and you can claim 5,000 FUEL!

Fuel’s network offers developers a unique environment in which to spin off Ethereum rollups. The developer toolchain — featuring Fuel Orchestrator, the Sway programming language and the parallel processing–capable FuelVM — offers outstanding tools that, along with the platform's high throughput capacity and modular design, make the job of launching high-performance rollups that much easier. As Fuel progresses in 2025, the project’s team is determined to keep its focus on serving the developer community, and strives to promote collaboration, innovation, education, creativity and efficiency in all matters related to blockchain rollup development.

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Fuel (FUEL): The Modular Ethereum Layer 2 for Developers

Bybit Learn

web3

In this tutorial, we’ll explore how you can complete a series of tasks in KiloEx for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade.

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In this tutorial, we’ll explore how you can complete KiloEx tasks for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade. 

Task 1: Deposit at Least 10 USDT in the KiloEx Vault via opBNB

 in the navigation bar to enter the KiloEx Vault. 

: Enter at least 10 USDT as the amount you would like to deposit, and click on 

: Approve the transaction and confirm it. 

: Check your deposit status. Please note that as you’re not able to withdraw immediately, you’ll need to wait for 1–3 epochs.

: Once the above steps have been completed, you can click on the 

button to withdraw your deposited amount.

Task 2: Place a Position With at Least 10 USDT

 page and connect your Bybit Wallet by clicking on the 

button at the top right corner of the page. 

: If your BNB or USDT is insufficient, you can follow the bridge tutorial 

: After bridging funds, choose your desired trading pair and place an order to 

: The minimum position value for this task is $10. To minimize your risk of 

, we suggest opening a position with 2x leverage and maintaining a margin of $5. In this example, we’ve used a minimum of 2x leverage to open a position and select 

How to Complete KiloEx Tasks for Bybit Web3 Airdrop Arcade

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards

Grab Up to 5,000 USDT in Rewards